BCOM Research Projects (2022)

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The Influence of debt financing on the growth of small and medium enterprises in Nairobi County
(Strathmore University, 2022) Kamau, Victor Ndekei
Lack of sources of finance by small and medium enterprises have caused many of them to cut off their operations. This has been caused by an inability to secure any source of credit from the available financial institutions. Lately, through upcoming of different financial institutions which can offer them credit, they have been at cross-roads on which type of debt financing to choose. Therefore, this study sought to analyze the influence of debt financing on the growth of SME’s in Nairobi County. The study incorporated how short-term debt financing had influenced their growth, the influence of long-term debts towards the growth of SME’s as well as the influence of trade credit on their growth. It also applied the use of different literature in literature review through consideration of different theories such as pecking order theory, theory of the firm growth and grounding theory. The study used descriptive research design whereby the population of the study was all small and medium enterprises in Ngara market. The sample size used was based on use of Fisher’s et al (2007) formula. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires whereby the analysis was through the help of SPSS version 26 and the presentation was by use of tables with calculated means. Upon data analysis, the study concluded that short-term credits influenced the growth of SME’s in different ways based on how the owners/management configured them. The study also revealed that long-term credits had a great impact on the growth of SME’s as they were inducing them to long term payment period. Finally, it was uncovered that trade credits influenced growth of SME’s through ensuring the suppliers of the payment periods for the good supplied on credits. Therefore, the study recommends that short term credits should not be heavily relied upon by businesses as they have great implications due to their high rate of interest and short repayment period. Furthermore, long term credits should be considered due to their long period of repayment and, trade credits should not be much considered due to their high rate of risk caused by occurrences which are unexceptional to businesses operations.
The Effects of pricing and convenience on audio streaming consumption amongst private university students in Nairobi, Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Narotso, Precious Veronicah
The objective of this study was to determine the pricing and convenience of audio streaming consumption amongst private university students in Nairobi, Kenya. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) guided the study. Descriptive research design was adopted as thissurvey’s design. Population of this research included private university students in Nairobi. This study covered primary data from 52 respondents using an online questionnaire. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics. The study found that price and convenience are important factors when choosing the type of medium to listen to music. Students value a no-ad experience, a robust algorithm and premium features, thus paying for a streaming platform’s premium subscription. The respondents, however,did not prefer free methods of music sharing that involved extra equipment like file sharing. Due to the convenient nature of music streaming, many students opt out of pirating because the music is conveniently available on music streaming platforms with little storage space. The study also showed students are not satisfied with the price of physical mediums of music like CDs, cassette tapes and vinyls. Although students prefer listening to music on more portable devices like smartphones, they prefer listening to music at home. This study concluded that convenience and price have a positive effect on music streaming of private university students in Nairobi. The study recommends for music streaming platforms to partner up with event organisers, to make it more convenient for students to buy tickets from the platform’s app. To enhance engagement on music streaming platforms, companies should focus more on the social media aspect of listening to music, encouraging listeners to engage in friend’s music listening activity.
The Determinants of financial performance of commercial banks
(Strathmore University, 2022) Mainya, Stephanie
The main goal of every banking institution is to operate profitably to maintain stability and sustainable growth. External and internal economic environments are viewed as critical drivers for bank performance. The main purpose of this study was analyzing the determinants of financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya for a period of 5 years, starting from the year 2016 to 2020. The dependent variable under investigation was return on assets (ROA). The independent variables were Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings Ability and Liquidity. The specific objectives of this research were to assess the relationship between capital adequacy and the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya, to evaluate the relationship between asset quality and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya, to establish the relationship between management efficiency and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya, to examine the relationship between earnings ability and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya and to evaluate the relationship between liquidity and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The choice of this five-year period was based on the explosive growth of the banking sector in the country and the availability of complete data for that period. The study concentrated on the bank specific factors that affect the banks’ financial performance. In this research, the scope was all the eleven banks listed in the Nairobi securities exchange. This study adopted a descriptive research design to meet its research objectives by using panel data to fulfill the objectives. The researcher collected data on published financial statements of the eleven commercial banks listed in the Nairobi securities exchange for five years from 2016 to 2020. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regression models to show the effect of bank specific factors on financial performance of commercial banks over that period under study. The findings were presented in tables and narratives. The results showed that there was positive/negative and significant association between ROA and all the independent factors. There was a finding that earnings ability affects profitability and the financial performance of banks. The study concludes that earnings ability of the bank has the highest influence on ROA of banks. The study recommends that bank capitalization should be encouraged in all commercial banks and other financial institutions so that performance can be enhanced.
Effect of public debt on economic growth in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Omuse, Racheal Nekesa
Borrowing from the public sector is vital because it helps to bridge the resource gap between government receipts and expenditures. It is one method of funding government operations, but it is not the only one; the government can also create money to monetize its debts, eliminating the need for interest payments. As a result, public debt is one of the most important macroeconomic factors in determining a country's reputation in international markets. When people take resources and reorganize them in more productive ways, economic growth occurs. Kenya's revenue is supplemented by the export of primary commodities, as it is a developing country. In order to supplement domestic resources, successive governments have taken on massive amounts of public debt to fund National Development Plans. The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between public debt and economic growth in Kenya for the period 2010 to 2020. Data gathered in the study was estimated using descriptive statistics. Discoveries from the study suggests that external debt exerts a positive effect while domestic debt exerts a negative effect on economic growth. Based on these findings, the study suggested that policymakers should develop a sound financial plan to ensure that public debt accumulated does not overweight future generation and the government use public debt it as a last resort to finance its economy.
The Role of internal auditors’ independence in enhancing transparency and accountability in real estate companies in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Kahoro, Susan Njoki
The goal of the study was to see how the independence of the internal audit function affects transparency and accountability. Internal audit staff training, the audit committee, and enterprise risk management were used to quantify independence as an independent variable and transparency and accountability as a dependent variable. The study was guided by the agency theory, the theory of inspired confidence, and the institutional theory. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used in this study. The analysis was based on 356 real estate businesses in Kenya. The study's sample respondents included 188 companies, with each company's chief audit officer and internal audit professionals being counted as a participant. To acquire survey data from the Kenyan real estate enterprises, a quantitative technique was employed, utilizing structured questionnaires. The proposition that the presence of an independent internal audit function in a business is positively associated with transparency and accountability was tested. According to the findings of the study, a total of 169 respondents assisted to confirm that internal audit training, the audit committee, and enterprise risk management all have a positive impact on transparency and accountability within real estate enterprises in Kenya. The audit committee, on the other hand, as part of the recommendations presented in the study, should meet with the head of internal audit at least once a year, without management present, and ensure that the head of internal audit has full access to the board chairman and the audit committee, as well as being held accountable to the audit committee, as these were noted to be lacking in a number of companies. In order to increase transparency and accountability, organizations should also emphasize the need of internal audit independence. Some of the limitations faced included the fact that respondents took an unusually long time to complete and return the questionnaire, some questionnaires had to be discarded because some respondents did not completely fill out the forms, and finally, some respondents did not participate in the data collection procedure because they did not believe the information would be used solely for academic purposes.
Factors that affect organisational commitment among generation z within Kenya urban roads authority(Kura), in Nairobi, Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Karimi, Naman Linda
The concept of organisational commitment has become an integral part in assessing the employees’ loyalty to the company (Suryani, 2018). The results from Meyer and Allen’s study showed that when used efficiently companies can use this three-dimensional model(affective, continuance and normative commitment) to attain and increase organisational commitment among Generation Z (Suryani, 2018). According to Suryani, (2018), low level of commitment in an organisation leads to high level of employee turnover and hence high costs on recruitment and training new employees. The committed attitude of employees has a significant impact on improving organisational success (Rao, 2017). Committed employees set their thoughts on win-win situations. Organisational commitment is an important tool of enforcing good attitudes in the employees. This is why it is important to know how to build organisational commitment among employees within a company.
The Impact of leaders behavioural intergrity on employee performance in the information communication technology sector: the case for faiba in Kenya and Darwin TC group in the United States of America
(Strathmore University, 2022) Mbau, Nicole Wangui
The Effect of employee stock ownership plans on employee engagement: a case study of Equity Bank in Nairobi County
(Strathmore University, 2022) Kavivya, Patience Mutheu
The purpose of this research study is to examine the effects of employee stock ownership plans on employee engagement within the banking sector, specifically add equity bank. The objective of this study is to find out what impact financial incentives, training and educating employees on ESOP and management commitment on implementation of employee stock ownership plans has on employee engagement. A descriptive research design has been employed in conducting this study and to address the research questions. A quantitative approach was used to collect the data and the study comprised of employees in senior, mid management and operational levels at equity bank. The study utilized Microsoft Excel for the data analysis. The dependent variable is employee engagement and the independent variable is Employee Stock Ownership Plans. An ESOP is used to improve corporate culture, increase employee engagement, and provide additional retirement benefits to hardworking employees. They can also be an effective strategy for attracting and keeping top talent (Galvin, 2021).
Effect of internal controls on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK
(Strathmore University, 2022) Odhiambo, Camila Adhiambo
The effectiveness of internal controls should be of major importance to every firm due to the fact that the duty of internal controls involves prevention, detection of fraud and lastly, in a firm internal control can help in improving operational efficiency by improving the accuracy and timeliness of financial reporting. For the purpose of this study, the researcher looked to establish the effect of internal controls on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK. Internal control was considered from the perspective of risk management, control environment, control activities, information and communication and monitoring. This study used primary data. The primary data was collected through administration of a five-point Likert questionnaire by the researcher. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis in terms of mean and standard deviation Data was then presented by use of tables for easier understanding and interpretation. In addition, data was analyzed by the use of SPSS. From the findings of this study, it was concluded that risk management, control environment, control activities, information and communication and monitoring have a positive relationship with financial performance. This outcome aided the researcher to attain his objectives which were; to examine the effect of risk management on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK, to establish the effect of control activities on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK, to assess the effect of monitoring on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK, to determine the effect of information and communication on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK and lastly, to establish the effect of control environment on the financial performance of commercial banks listed in the NSE and licensed by the CBK.
An Evaluation of the effect of macroeconomic factors on the returns of the real estate market in Nairobi
(Strathmore University, 2022) Gichuru, Alex Mwangi
Kenya's real estate sector has undergone a boom that began in the mid to late 2000s as the property market adapted to growing demand. Nairobi was named the fastest-growing real estate market in the world by real estate management firm Knight Frank in its 2012 Wealth Report, outperforming cities like Miami. Since 2000, property values have climbed 4.44 times. The real estate sector is pivotal to the development of any home nation. Property prices, in specific, are affected by changes in macroeconomic variables for example GDP, interest rates, inflation, money supply and unemployment. Kenya's real estate market is growing swiftly in comparison to other African emerging countries, despite high inflation, high unemployment, high interest rate volatility, and other economic obstacles. The study sought to evaluate the effect of macroeconomic factors on the returns of the real estate market in Nairobi, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to examine the effect of inflation on the returns in the real estate market in Nairobi; to evaluate the effect of GDP on the returns in the real estate market in Nairobi; to assess the effect of interest rates on the returns in the real estate market in Nairobi and to establish the effect of money supply on the returns in the real estate market in Nairobi. The study included household income as a moderator variable. The study was anchored on the modern portfolio theory as well as the arbitrage pricing theory. A descriptive research design was used in the study. Secondary data from the Central Bank of Kenya, KNBS and Hass Consult Index was used. The study found that interest rate and property rates were positively and significantly related (β=0.692, P=0.007) and that money supply has a positive and significant effect on property prices (β=0.321, P=0.000). Also, economic growth (GDP) was positively and significantly related to property prices (β=0.326, P=0.015). In addition, inflation was found to have a positive and significant effect on property prices in Nairobi (β=0.298, P=0.004). Finally, household income was positively and significantly associated with property prices in Nairobi (β=0.285, P=0.008). The research study concluded that inflation, GDP, interest rates, money supply and household income all have a positive and significant effect on the returns of the real estate market in Nairobi.
Impact of recruitment and selection practices on organization performance in equity bank Nairobi
(Strathmore University, 2022) Amani, Abigael Adisa
The research paper entitled Impact of Recruitment and Selection strategies on organizational performance has been prepared to put a light the policies and tactics for recruiting and selecting employees that enable a company to compete with its competitors. The goal of this study is to look into the role that effective recruitment and selection practices have had in ensuring that commercial banks in Nairobi achieve excellent organizational performance. The researcher will analyse the impact of these practices on the performance of Equity Bank in Nairobi county Kenya. This research will be conducted using descriptive cross-sectional design. The research was directed by four objectives namely, to examine the impact of recruitment and selection practices in the organization’s performance, to examine the effect of use of advertising as a recruitment practice on organizational performance, to examine the effect of employee referrals as a recruitment practice on organizational performance, to examine the effect of assessment tests as a selection practice on the organization’s performance. The study will rely on the Resource based view theory that shows there is a relationship between recruitment and selection process and the organisation’s performance. The study also relies on the Human Capital theory which shows how important of an asset the employees are to the organization and how focus should be on the implementation of effective recruitment and selection strategies. The results of this study will show that employee performance, as well as selection and recruitment procedures play a substantial effect in organizational success.
Impact of covid-19 pandemic on the adoption of mobile banking Among micro and small enterprises in Nairobi central business district
(Strathmore University, 2022) Patel, Amay Kumar Narendra Bhai
The Covid-19 pandemic affected the normal way of business operations requiring changes to be incorporated to sustain and run the businesses efficiently. One such change was the mode of financial transaction as the pandemic was seen to be influenced by the contact made with the physical modes of payment. Hence there was the proposed use of mobile banking as a more secure way of making and receiving payments. From prior studies on the factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking various factors like ease of use, security and more come to be explained. However, there is need to study the impact the Covid-19 pandemic had on the adoption of the same. This study was undertaken to explain the impact the pandemic had on the adoption of mobile banking among the micro and small enterprises in the Nairobi central business district. The study used stratified random sampling to collect data using questionnaires administered over the internet from the micro and small enterprises in the Nairobi central business district. This was done by a selection of a sample size of 60 micro and small enterprises across various six sectors widely used to classify the micro and small enterprises. From the research it was concluded that indeed Covid-19 pandemic as a factor contributed greatly to the adoption or increased usage of mobile banking among the micro and small enterprises after the pandemic set. This was mainly to avoid contact with the physical modes of payment which were seen as ways through which the virus causing the pandemic spread. The respondents believed the technology was vital and will remain a vital force in the normal business operations post the pandemic also.
An Investigation into the extent to which the GIG economy has contributed to employment opportunities among the young people in Nairobi
(Strathmore University, 2022) Okeyo, Melanie Dranny
As much as the gig economy is creating job opportunities and significantly impacting the life of the unemployed youth there is little research on this area. This lack of knowledge limits the investment in the development and growth of the gig economy. This project, therefore, seeks to investigate the extent to which the gig economy has contributed to employment opportunities among young people in Nairobi. Data was collected using a google questionnaire and convenience sampling was used to get the respondents. Descriptive statistics like mean and percentages were used to analyze the data and Microsoft Excel was used in data analysis. The study concluded that they have benefited financially from the gig economy. Respondents also noted that they have benefited professionally from the gig economy. The study also established that respondents have gained considerable employment opportunities from the gig economy. On the second objective, the study established that most respondents have access to a stable internet service. respondents spend a significant amount of time on the internet, and they have access to a smartphone. The study concluded that respondents are critical thinkers, they have a firm sense of direction, and have good communication skills. Lastly, the study concluded that they have flexible working conditions through the gig economy. Respondents have access to new revenue opportunities through the gig economy. The study recommends that existing information on the existing and predicted condition of the continent's gig economy should be utilized by governments and policymakers to develop laws, strategies, and infrastructure to help this business succeed and drastically reduce unemployment on the continent. Benefits, income security measures, and training and credentials are all issues that must be addressed by enhancing present labor laws and regulations on social protection, fair job opportunities, and labor standards for gig workers. The findings of this study are limited to some extent in relation to the sampling frame specifically, data was collected from young people in Nairobi only. A greater source of variance, the generalizability of the findings is still limited as other young people from other areas are not represented. A study should also be conducted with different objectives other than the ones investigated in this study. This will increase the body of knowledge and literature on the extent to which the gig economy has contributed to employment opportunities among young people.
Effects of digital credit on the financial health of youth in Nairobi
(Strathmore University, 2022) Wang’ombe, Jesse Ruga
Digital credit has within the last seven years become the main channel through which the majority of Kenyans acquire loans. Its rapid adoption has brought with it several positive and negative unintended outcomes such as increased default rates and negative listings on the Credit Reference Bureau. Furthermore, the largest user segment of digital credit is the youth. This study seeks to assess whether digital credit impacts the financial health of the youth in Nairobi. The study has four primary objectives. These are to evaluate the effect of digital credit on the rate and amount of savings of youth in Nairobi, to assess the effect of digital credit on the rate of borrowing among the youth in Nairobi, to examine the effect of digital credit on the rate of defaults among youth in Nairobi and to assess the utilisation of digital credit by the youth in Nairobi. The study utilised a questionnaire to get primary data to assess the effect of digital credit on the financial health of the youth in Kenya. The questionnaire was disbursed electronically. The study found that there was no significant effect of digital credit on the financial health of youth in Nairobi as measured by the savings and borrowings metrics.
The Influence of Ibuka program in promoting listing to the growth enterprise market segment (GEMS) at the Nairobi Securities Exchange
(Strathmore University, 2022) Wanyangi, Peter Kamau
The general objective of this study was to determine the influence of Ibuka program in promoting listing to the Growth Enterprise Market Segment (GEMS) at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. This study came at a high time when the Nairobi bourse was experiencing slow and few listings at GEMS – a segment established to attract a pool of small and medium enterprises to list with favorable and less-stringent regulations for the SMEs to tap the advantages of the capital markets. GEMS registered only six listings since its inception in January 2013. The Ibuka incubator and accelerator platform, launched in December 2018 was later established as a non-listing hosting board housed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange to enhance visibility, brand recognition, and enhance the corporate structure of small and medium enterprises. Ibuka, moreover, was leveraged by the NSE to nurture and prepare non-listed SMEs under their wings to potentially list at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, more intentionally graduate to GEMS where they would get access to favorable eligibility requirements. The study sought to establish the Ibuka strategy on creating a pipeline for more listing to GEMS especially after one of the Ibuka hosted firms, HomeBoyz Entertainment migrated to GEMS in 2020. The research proposal adopted agency cost theory and pecking order theory to explain the slow listing experienced at GEMS by SMEs who fear losing control of their entity and choose other means such as internal financing and low-cost debt to finance their operations with equity as a last resort. The diffusion of innovation theory illustrated the theoretical framework on the influence the Ibuka program could have on nurturing and spreading information of GEMS through a nest such as Ibuka with both programs under the roof of the NSE. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire amongst 28 hosted firms at Ibuka with a response rate of 35.71%. The questionnaire sought to address the researcher’s specific objectives investigated in the study, that is the influence of Ibuka program in promoting awareness of the listing requirements and benefits that SMEs stand to gain when they list to GEMS; the influence of Ibuka program in promoting the training of hosted firms for a prospective GEMS listing and the influence of Ibuka program in inculcating best corporate governance requirements to hosted entities to make them ready to potentially list to GEMS. Descriptive quantitative data from each item of the questionnaire were analyzed using Microsoft Excel Software to determine percentages and data reported in tables, graphs, pie charts, and percentages. The study found out that Ibuka program had a great influence on awareness of GEMS. There was, however, limited information amongst the hostees on the eligibility requirements and benefits of GEMS as well as corporate governance requirements. The majority of the firms showed interest to list at GEMS, however, the agency cost problem was found to be a critical factor that could be an obstacle to listings. Hosting introducers were found to be very influential parties for creating awareness of the GEM segment at Ibuka. The low responses during data collection were a huge limitation in the research.
Determinants of capital structure for real estate firms in Nairobi county
(Strathmore University, 2022) Yussuf, Mohamud Odon
Real estate is one of the oldest industries in the world having existed from ancient times. Land and building ownership have been source of prestige to the owners (Roosevelt 2019). The sector both provide basic needs and returns at the same time. According to Riddiough (2004) real estate is highly capital intensive and requires considerable investments. The real estate in Kenya has recently been booming with Nairobi contributing the largest share because of being the regional hub, more housing units were upcoming due to the high demand for housing. This saw many real estate firms venturing into the business with vibrant private sector and increased appetite from foreign companies playing the biggest role. Cyton Investment (one of the real estate firms in Nairobi) shows that the real estate market has grown significantly over the past the past two decade. Tomlison (2007) indicate that African cities are experiencing some of fastest urbanization in the world. Mungai (2017) further suggest that demand for different types of real estate is increasing in Kenya with young, employed population who are willing to own homes driving the demand.
Determinants of growth of small and medium manufacturing enterprises within industrial area, Nairobi county
(Strathmore University, 2022) Achola, Cynthia Atieno
The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of growth of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises within Industrial Area, Nairobi County. The study was based on a population of 77 respondents with the response rate being 92%. The study made use of structured questionnaires to collect primary data from the owners/managers of the SMEs being studied. Primary data was used since it is more accurate. The study established that access to finance, entrepreneurial competencies and age of the firm has a strong relation to the growth of SMEs. The findings revealed that all these factors are necessary to the growth of SMEs. The study concluded that easier access to finance enabled the owners/managers to conduct the operations of their businesses smoothly and efficiently. In addition to that, the study also concluded that entrepreneurial competencies such as adequate leadership skills, marketing skills, networking skills and creative and innovative skills had an impact on the growth of SMEs and such skills can be used as a source of competitive advantage. Moreover, the study also concluded that the age of the business is vital for its growth since as a business grows older, there is advancement in technology uses, accumulated knowledge on customer relationships and increased supplier channels which leads to increased profit margins hence there is growth in the business. The study recommended that financial institutions should develop better policies which make it easier for SME owners to access finances which lead to the growth of SMEs. One of the limitations of this study is that it only focused on three variables that affect the growth of SMEs while there are many more variables to be studied.
Factors affecting the growth of life insurance in Nairobi county
(Strathmore University, 2022) Goga, Stacy Atieno
The study aim was factors affecting the growth of life Insurance in Nairobi County. The study was guided by the following objective, to evaluate the effect of national culture on the growth of life insurance policies in Kenya, to evaluate the effect of disposable income on the growth of life insurance policies in Kenya, to investigate the effect of public awareness on the growth of life insurance policies and to analyze the effect of client attitude on the growth of the life insurance business in Kenya. The study used a descriptive research approach. Target population was 375 respondents with a sample size of 150. Questionnaire was used as the data collection instruments. Data was collected using questionnaires which were filled by the respondents. Quantitative and quantitative methods were employed in analyzing data which was presented in form of tables after the analysis. The study finding revealed that majority of the participants disagreed that insurance products are not difficult to understand that shows that insurance products difficult to understand. Furthermore, from the study findings it was noted that majority of the respondents agreed that the general public is aware of numerous companies that provide insurance and the various types of insurance they offer. Also, it was noted from the study that majority of the respondents agreed that differentiation of insurance products is done correctly. Finally, majority of the respondents agreed that better insurance is aided by public awareness .The study findings also indicated that majority of the respondents agreed that Kenyans are a people who value bravery, achievements, boldness and material rewards for success. On top of that, majority of the respondents agreed that cooperation, modesty, and concern for the weak are all virtues that should be cultivated. Further majority also agreed that insurance services are available country-wide and finally on contrary majority disagreed that insurance is very important to have. The study concluded life insurance is important After you die, the death benefit is paid to the designated recipient. It might assist in providing money to your loved ones when they require it. Understanding life insurance can assist you in making long-term financial plans for your family. The study recommends that all people in Kenya should adopt life insurance
Organizational response to changes in human resource practices during covid-19: the case of L’oreal Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Kahiga, Lynn Wanjiru
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted business functional areas especially how employees worked. The recommendations by the World Health Organization to work from home triggered adoption of remote working which became rampant and the new normal since the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, some of the ways HR departments were accustomed to operating faced a dynamic shift, for example, hiring and firing processes became strict and limited to virtual platforms especially the hiring process. As such, this study aimed to investigate organizational responses to changes in Human Resource practices during COVID-19 pandemic, the case of L'Oréal Kenya. To achieve this objective, this study aimed to investigate the impacts of COVID-19 on HR practices such as, Recruitment processes, performance evaluation and appraisal, employee benefits, termination policies among others. The research applied descriptive quantitative research techniques. The research was anchored on two theories namely the flexible firm model theory and the Human resource Architecture model theory. The unit of analysis was L'Oréal Kenya. The unit of study was the employees at L'Oréal Kenya. Questionnaires and interviews were the main mode of primary data collection.
Climate change mitigation through public finance at the Nairobi coffee exchange
(Strathmore University, 2022) Twayigize, Felix Junior
The famous “coffee belt” or coffee-growing area exists only between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. Due to the rising effects of climate change, its production suitability is projected to decline by half in 2050. In Kenya, coffee-growing zones such as Kiambu and Murang'a are no longer appropriate for the crop. As a result, coffee traders at the Nairobi Coffee Exchange (N.C.E) are experiencing a rise in prices and low quantity supply for trading. This research study aims to propose effective public finance policies to support N.C.E traders in mitigating the effects of climate change. The research methodology is qualitative and the population are N.C.E traders. The sample is composed of coffee marketers (the five coffee brokers approved by the Capital Market Authority of Kenya) and coffee buyers (the top eight coffee exporters in Kenya according to the Kenya Trade Network Agency). Data collection shows that 72% of respondents prefer subsidies as the most suitable public finance policies to help them face the effects of climate change. The study is only focused on the Nairobi Coffee Exchange, which limits the research in giving an overall conclusion that accommodates all coffee players in Kenya. Hence, further studies to be undertaken at a national level are encouraged. The study helps readers understand the effect that global warming will have on their morning coffee cups and aids the Government of Kenya to restructure the coffee industry as part of the country's poverty-reduction strategy. The rising consequences of climate change on the agriculture sector have led to the publication of many studies which provide solutions based on farmers' capabilities such as climate farming techniques, little work has been done to study how the government can use public finance as a tool to tackle the problem. As a result, this research study is unique and needed.

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