SU+ Digital Repository

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[ISSN 2519-5883]
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 7

Recent Submissions

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The Influence of 4Cs of marketing on purchase intention of Over-The-Counter medicine in tier one supermarkets in Nairobi County
(Strathmore University, 2024) Muraya, S. W.
The Global over-the-counter market size is expected to grow by 7.09% annually according to Euromonitor International. Serving up to 50% of the demand in the region, Kenya has the largest over-the-counter pharmaceutical industry in Eastern and Southern Africa. To provide easier and more widespread access to pharmacy services, governments in many nations have deregulated the retail pharmacy sector. Due to this deregulation, new medicine distribution channels have been able to enter not only pharmacies but also supermarkets. This study's objectives aimed to assess how the elements of the 4Cs (customer, cost, convenience, and communication) of marketing can influence the purchase intention of over-the-counter medicine in Kenya, focusing on tier-one supermarket customers in Nairobi country. The study was anchored on the theory of Hawkins’s impulse buying and the 4Cs of the marketing framework. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study using a quantitative method. The study adopted a non-probability sampling approach of convenience to select customers visiting the supermarket over-the-counter category with the permission of the supermarket's management. The sample size was 384 customers from tier-one supermarkets. A pilot test was administered to ensure the respondents understood the questionnaire. Questionnaires were issued to the customers and used for data collection as designed by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data and establish if a relationship exists between the 4Cs elements and customer purchase intention. Correlation analysis and regression findings showed a positive and significant relationship between customer, convenience, and communication on Purchase Intention. These implied that as customer, convenience, and communication increase by a single unit, there is an increase by one unit in the purchase intention of OTC medicine in tier-one supermarkets. Conversely, the study found a negative and significant relationship between cost and Purchase intention. These implied that as cost is reduced by a single unit, the purchase intention increases by one unit in the purchase of over-the-counter medicine in tier-one supermarkets. Therefore, Marketing managers should use customer-oriented 4Cs of marketing approach to meet customer needs. Commercial managers in tier-one supermarkets need to share feedback with the marketing managers of over-the-counter medicine to give insights into what the customers need to influence a positive purchase intention. The study was limited to supermarket customers in Nairobi County only. Future researchers need to include the voices of the consumers purchasing their OTC medicines within the other non-urbanites regions for generalizability and get their feedback on how the elements of the 4Cs could influence their purchase intention.
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The Effect of risk management strategies on the organizational performance of oil companies in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2024) Mutai, G. K.
In recent years, risk management has become a priority for all sectors of the economy, so organizations can protect their interests while achieving their goals. Through risk management, organizations can ensure that it will achieve the desired results, reduce the impact of threats to acceptable levels, and increase opportunities to seize opportunities. The study was carried out to analyze the impact of risk management strategies on the organizational performance of oil companies in Kenya. The specific objectives were; to establish the effects risk acceptance strategies, risk transfer strategies, risk avoidance strategies and risk reduction strategies on performance of oil companies in Kenya. The study was guided by risk compensation theory and resource-based view. The study sampled 166 respondents from a target population of 284 employees. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Inferential statistics using multiple regression and correlation analysis was applied to test the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The results of regression model expressed the hypothesized relationship between variables under study. Correlation analysis was used to determine the nature and magnitude of the relationship among the variables. The findings revealed a high positive relationship between risk acceptance, risk transfer, risk avoidance, risk reduction and organizational performance. The research also revealed that there is a high level of correlation between risk management strategies and organizational performance. The study concluded that effective management of risk is essential for any enterprise since it positively affects organizational performance. The study recommendations were as follows; oil companies should develop strategies to improve on risk management strategies and there should be adequate feasibility studies to bring out all the risks involved at any given time to prepare to mitigation. Lack of cooperation, filling of questionnaires within the stipulated and failure to give information were greatest limitation of the study when collecting data.
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The Influence of customers last mile delivery experience on the adoption of ecommerce: a case of Jumia
(Strathmore University, 2024) Muddie, C.
E-commerce has been steadily growing and causing disruptions in the way businesses operate. The convenience of online shopping creates both opportunities and challenges to the stakeholders that use it. Businesses prefer managing their supply chain processes to attain optimum efficiency for their survival. Logistics partners must respond to this change by providing efficient deliveries that are secure and reliable. Consumers of ecommerce on the other side are demanding convenient options for last mile delivery of their goods. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of customers’ last mile delivery experience on ecommerce adoption. The study got respondents that used the Jumia Kenya online platform and focused on their last mile delivery experience while using two of the main last mile delivery options; Pick up Stations and Door Delivery. The research measured the customer experience at the last mile using the CXD-LMD model. The research design used was quantitative and there was use of a cross sectional approach that enabled the researcher to collect data at the same time from different Jumia customers located in Nairobi. The research utilized structured questionnaires from a selected sample of 398 respondents. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results on the influence of pick-up station delivery experience on ecommerce adoption by customers, the study concluded that pick-up station delivery experience boosts ecommerce adoption especially where the parcel tracking feature is available as it boosts the joyful anticipation of the customer. For the door delivery experience the study concluded a positive influence in terms of the delivery efficiency and the convenience which improves ecommerce adoption. The study recommends to management and Ecommerce firms on the need to ensure the last mile delivery solution is fitted with the right features like parcel tracking that show the progress of the delivery and the anticipated time the product would get delivered to the customer. The study also emphasized the importance of the visual appearance of the delivery vehicles, the packaged products and the appearance of the delivery persons as contributors to the ecommerce adoption. Businesses should use this as elements of competitive advantage. This study solely relied on questionnaires, future studies can incorporate interviews, observations and focused group discussions to get a more in depth understanding of the relationship between last mile delivery experience options and ecommerce adoption.
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The Effect of fraud management strategies on the non-financial performance of microfinance banks in Nairobi County, Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2024) Wamboi, L. A.
Over the past decade, microfinance banks (MFBs) in Kenya have experienced a significant increase in the number and value of fraud cases, which has negatively impacted their performance. Despite various strategies and measures implemented to combat fraud, its incidence and effects continue to rise as fraudsters develop new methods. This study aims to assess the impact of fraud management strategies on the performance of MFBs in Kenya. Specifically, the study seeks to determine the effects of fraud risk deterrence, fraud risk prevention, fraud risk detection, and fraud risk mitigation on the non-financial performance of MFBs in Kenya. The study is grounded in the Fraud Triangle Theory, the Theory of Differential Association, the Fraud Diamond Theory, and Institutional Theory. A positivist approach was adopted, employing a descriptive research design. The population consisted of the 13 licensed microfinance banks in Kenya, targeting 316 permanent employees in senior and middle management positions within each MFB as the unit of observation. Data was collected using a questionnaire administered via a Google link sent to each respondent. Analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing both descriptive statistics, such as frequency distributions, and inferential statistics. The findings were presented in tables and graphical formats, such as bar graphs and pie charts, for ease of interpretation. The research revealed that non-financial performance was supported by the adoption of various effective fraud deterrence strategies by MFBs, including the use of fraud detection tools, preventive and control measures, and fraud investigation and detection practices. Additionally, fraud prevention strategies, such as frequent risk monitoring and employee training in fraud risk management, have been relatively successful. However, there is a need for greater clarity regarding whether these fraud risk prevention strategies are stringent enough to enhance non-financial performance. Many MFBs have not yet effectively institutionalized financial accountability through audit efficiency and fraud detection strategies. The study recommends that MFBs enhance fraud risk deterrence by instituting punitive penalties for employees caught engaging in fraud and identifying the appropriate tools for implementation. Furthermore, obtaining the cooperation of other departments is crucial for effective fraud risk deterrence.
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Perceived effectiveness of anti-money laundering preventive measures in reducing incidences of money laundering through commercial banks in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2024) Oyoo, J.
Many legislative and institutional efforts have been directed at countering money laundering for over thirty years but there are several accounts of money laundering cases still being reported worldwide. Banks are important in combating money laundering. They have been heavily penalized for violating Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regulations and, in some instances, for their controls failing to prevent money laundering. The above raises the question of whether the underlying problem is just a violation of policies and regulations or whether the existing AML system is flawed. Given the above, the study assessed the perceived effectiveness of AML preventive measures as applied by commercial banks in Kenya to reduce the likelihood of money laundering. The specific objectives were to determine whether customer due diligence measures and the ongoing monitoring of transactions using digital systems by commercial banks as required by the applicable law are effective in reducing money laundering incidences. The study assessed how the corporate culture of commercial banks in Kenya affects compliance with the AML preventive measures which in turn affects the measures’ effectiveness in reducing incidences of money laundering. The theory of the crying wolf and the fraud diamond theory were applied in the study. The research philosophy adopted for the study was the positivist research philosophy. Questionnaires were administered to obtain primary data. The questionnaires were distributed to 76 respondents drawn from 38 commercial banks registered by the Central Bank of Kenya as of 31 December 2022. 64 responses were received translating to an 84% response rate. Two respondents which included account opening officers and compliance officers were selected from each bank. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the data. In addition, reliability and diagnostic tests were first conducted before inferential statistics analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the AML preventive measures which comprised client due diligence and ongoing monitoring of transactions and corporate culture had a positive and statistically significant effect on the reduction of incidences of money laundering in commercial banks. From the findings of the study, it was noted that employees play a big role in the implementation and compliance with AML requirements. Therefore, commercial banks should continuously train and update their staff on money laundering trends to improve their efforts in reducing money laundering cases. Further, although CDD, ongoing monitoring and corporate culture are important individually, their applicability and assessment should be done holistically. Therefore, the study recommends the regulator and banks ensure that policies, resources, and efforts are directed at all three measures concurrently. Also, due to limitation of time, the study did not include the updates to the POCAMLA (2009) and POCAMLAR (2013) which were done during the study. Therefore, future studies should consider looking into the impact of the update on regulations in the implementation and effectiveness of AML measures.