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[ISSN 2519-5883]
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Factors influencing the choice of micro credit in Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2023) Mnondi, M. M.
Micro, Small, and medium businesses have long been seen as the primary engines of economic growth and equitable development, and they are the driving force behind the economies of many countries. Financing is required to assist these small enterprises in establishing and expanding their operations, developing new goods, and hiring additional employees or expanding their manufacturing facilities. Small firms, on the other hand, has a significantly more difficult time obtaining financing from banks, capital markets, or other credit providers than larger businesses. This is because they may lack collateral, has not been in business long enough to establish a track record, or may not have audited financial accounts like larger companies. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors influencing the choice of microcredit in micro and small enterprises. The key variables of the literature review that were examined in the study were the individual factors, reference group factors and product and brand familiarity factors. According to the research assessment, various obstacles arise when small businesses seek loans, such as microfinance organizations' credit rationing behavior by requiring collateral. The study achieved a 95% response rate. A descriptive research design is adopted in this study. To ensure that the same businesses are not interviewed twice, a simple random sample rotational approach with no replacement was utilized. This guaranteed that the findings are not skewed and that the findings could be applied to other businesses in the area. Questi01maires addressing the three characteristics mentioned were distributed at random to small companies in the area. Regulatory and other statutory organizations should keep an eye on interest rates on loans and advances to ensure that they are affordable for enterprises. Where policies are lacking, they should be implemented to promote the expansion of both microfinance and small companies. Additional talent building, particularly through training and focused support programs with business owners on how to approach microfinance institutions, informational requirements, and working closely with MFIs to provide additional advice and support to the businesses, should be considered by policymakers.
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The Relationship between Total Quality Management practices and firm performance: a case of manufacturing firms in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Ngovi, E. K.
The main reason of the study was to establish relationship between total quality management practices (TQM) and firm performance in manufacturing firms in Kenya. A case study design was because it allows an in-length investigation and brings about deeper insight of the problem. The objectives of the study were to determine the relationship between continuous improvement and firm performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya, to determine the relationship between supplier relationship management and firm performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya and to determine the extent to which top management commitment affects the performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study should assist the manufacturing firms to show the relationship between TQM practices and firm performance. The findings of this research were also an eye opener for how organizations can use TQM practices, to ensure top notch quality in the firms. The unwillingness of managers to tell strategic information in the name of confidentiality and uncooperativeness from some of the respondents in answering the questions was a limitation in this study. The conceptual framework was used to show the interrelationships of variables. This study targeted manufacturing firms in Kenya with a target population of 129 food and beverages manufacturing companies out of the 900 companies listed in the Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM) directory as members. Questi01maires were used to collect information (data) and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative techniques. The presentation of the data was done by use of tables for easier understanding of the research results. This research informed the cultures of firms with TQM practices and encouraged those without to incorporate TQM practices in their organizations. The data was examined with SPSS and descriptive statistics, as well as correlation and regression analysis. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, but only 104 were returned, resulting in a response rate of around 52 percent. It may be inferred, based on the data, that total quality management (TQM) has a beneficial impact on business performance. As a result, management should devote more resources to implementing TQM to improve the organization's operational performance.
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Factors influencing financial sustainability of Non - Governmental Organizations in Samburu Central
(Strathmore University, 2022) Lekiyai, J. N.
Factors affecting financial sustainability on non-governmental issues have been a live topic as presented by literature and the inconsistencies in findings therein. The study sought to determine factors influencing financial sustainability of NGO in Samburu central. The target population of the study was NGOs in Samburu central. The target population was 14 local NGOs in Samburu central. Purposive sampling was used to select 5 employees from each NGO giving a sample of 70 respondents. The study was based on primary data. The data was collected through a structured and unstructured questionnaire. Content validity index (C.V.I) was used to establish whether the questionnaire measured what it was to measure. Test-retest reliability was done where Cronbach's Alpha was used to measure reliability. The data was analyzed with the use of Microsoft Excel tools. To determine the relationship between dependent and independent variables the study used regression analysis. The results were presented using pie charts, graphs, and tables. The study's limitation was mainly limited access to data due to limited research on financial sustainability of non-governmental organizations in Samburu central. The study found that the respondents indicated that donor relationship management, income diversification and financial management affected financial sustainability of their firms. The study concludes that donor relationship management, income diversification and financial management positively affect financial sustainability of NGO in Samburu central. The study further concludes that local NGOs in Samburu central are financially unsustainable. The study recommends adoption of proper financial management practices and establishment of income generating projects. The study recommends further studies on other factors affecting financial sustainability of NGOs in Samburu central.
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The Effects of foreign exchange risks on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Gitau, L. M.
In a world where countries can now trade with each other, foreign exchange risk has become one of the key factors affecting the performance of companies all over the world. The banking industry may argue that it one of the most affected industries by this risk. In Kenya, banks provide foreign currency at rates regulated by the Central Bank of Kenya. The rates vary on each day whether it goes up or down it will have a positive and negative effect on the performance of banks respectively. Empirical review has shown various results. Some have shown that variations in the foreign exchange risk does affect the performance of banks while others have dismissed this notion. This study seeked to determine the effect of foreign exchange risk on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study specifically identified the foreign exchange risks facing commercial banks in Kenya and determined the effect of the foreign exchange risk on the financial performance on commercial banks in Kenya. The theories that formed the basis of the study were risk management theory, finance distress theory and international fisher's effect theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The unit of analysis was banks located in Kenya and regulated by the Central Bank of Kenya. All banks registered by the end of December 2020 were analysed and no sampling occurred. The population for the secondary data were the 41 commercial banks in Kenya of which two were under receivership and one under statutory management. Data was collected from 25 commercial banks that had data for the 5 years being studied that is 2016 to 2020 which was obtained from the Central Bank of Kenya website. No primary data was used only secondary data. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis and correlation analysis were used for analysing the data using SPSS software. The findings were for a short period to be able to bring out the effect of foreign exchange risk and its control variables on the commercial banks' performance. The main foreign exchange risk was the fluctuation of the Kenyan shilling. The foreign exchange risk measured using US Dollar, Tanzanian shillings and Ugandan shilling had a positive relationship with performance apart from the Tanzanian shilling which had a negative relationship. For the control variables i.e. liquidity risk, credit risk and interest rate risk all had a positive relationship with the performance of banks. The research recommended that the Central Bank will need to liaise with the government to ensure the Kenyan Shilling improves its performance. The commercial banks to trade using foreign currencies so that their performance increases.
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Determinants of the adoption of the value investigating strategy amongst mutual funds in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2022) Litali, D. K.
Value Investing is a type of investing that involves identification and purchase of securities for less than their intrinsic worth, which means buying them for what their business value is worth as opposed to what the market quotes as their value (Browne, 2006). This not only involves performing an analysis on the company's financial information, but also; understanding the goods and/or services that a company provides, the competitive landscape/ environment the company operates in, the management of the company and the long-term strategy of the business. Yet, it is still important to note that not all relevant information can be captured by the investor, but the above stated ones form the key information that should be considered.