LLB Research Projects (2016)

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/11071/4761

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 66

Abuse of diplomatic immunity in bilateral relations: a critique on the vienna convention on diplomatic relations, 1961
(Strathmore University, 2016) Kolo, Nimmasoko
This study examines the abuse of diplomatic immunity and privileges. This study further gives an analysis ofthe Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations which has been ratified by many states. The Convention is established to govern the diplomatic relations. The study establishes the fact that diplomacy has been in existence before the adoption of the VCDR. The study notes the fact that the provisions in the VCDR has contributed to the abuse of diplomatic immunity and privileges. The hierarchy of norms is also brought into the lime light as to whether the immunity granted to diplomatic agent should be giving paramount interest to human rights of the citizens of the host state.The study notes that there have been challenges in implementing the VCDR due to the contradiction in the provisions in the Convention. The underlying theory which is the theory of functional necessity is stipulated in the preamble as the fundamental basis ofthe immunity granted to diplomats, it has been noted in this study that this theory has not been upheld in practice. In establishing the weaknesses attributed to the Convention as well as establishing the fact that an abuse has happened, the theory of functional necessity was used as a guide. Various case studies were used to highlight the abuse ofdiplomatic immunity as well as the challenges in implementing the Vienna convention. The paper further notes the fact that the persona non grata and the waver of immunity provided in the VCDR do not serve as a form of deterrence to other abuses, hence a need to include other stringent provisions to deter the abuse of diplomatic immunity.
Access to justice: epistolary jurisdiction as a means of improving access to justice in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Paranta, Edward Ritei
Access to justice is cardinal to the success and well-being of any democracy. To this effect various legislative mechanisms and avenues have been instituted in different democracies to ease enjoyment of this cardinal right especially to the poor and the under-privileged. Epistolary jurisdiction is one of such mechanisms whose roper exploitation and institutionalization would go a long way in improving access to justice. Access to justice in Kenya has faced a myriad of challenges. Resulting thereof, the poor have fallen victim to systemic barriers due to the unavailability of formal mechanisms through which they can pursue their claims. This dissertation explores the viability of epistolary jurisdiction as a means of improving access to justice in Kenya. Additionally, it seeks to explore the sufficiency of the existing legislative framework with regard to the exercise of epistolary jurisdiction. Moreover, it strives to draw some valuable lessons from other jurisdictions that have already institutionalized the practice of this jurisdiction. This research has been carried out with reference to the available secondary documents .Most of the requisite information could be accessed either through books, papers, and website or published journals.
Adequacy and enforceability of the Kenyan environmental law with regard to polythene pollution in Kenya.
(Strathmore University, 2016) Ngugi, Ian Njathi
Kenya has for a long time been affected with issues of polythene pollution which has gotten out of hand over the years with the filling up of gazetted dumpsites in Nairobi. This has brought about serious health risks through the continued dumping of hazardous material such as polythene in un-gazetted areas.The purpose of this study was to investigate the adequacy of the Kenyan legal framework on the environment and more particularly, polythene pollution in Kenya. The study also sought to show the enforceability of the already existing legal framework on how the various laws are helping to curb polythene pollution in Kenya.The study is intended to show the connection between the adequacy of the legal framework and enforceability of the law in reducing and ultimately ending polythene pollution. The study examines various jurisdictions that have dealt with the issue as a basis of determining the adequacy of Kenya 's legal framework.
Analysing the exclusion of child soldiers seeking asylum under article 1F of the 1951 refugee convention on the principle of the best interests of the child
(Strathmore University, 2016) Muthembwa, Yvonne Wanza
This paper assesses the application of Article IF (a) of the Refugee Convention to child soldiers seeking asylum on the best interests principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In conducting the assessment, there is an analysis of various international and regional legal instruments relevant to the rights of the child, refugee law and international criminal law. There is also an analysis of case law from select jurisdictions concerning the matter.There are several issues that have emerged from the analysis such as the lack of a uniform minimum age of criminal responsibility that has led to diverse application of Article I F (a) to child soldiers seeking asylum. There is also the issue of the legal threshold set out in Article IF (a) that has presented a challenge in applying the exclusion clause. The other issue is whether the interpretation of the Refugee Convention and the Convention on the Rights of the Child based on the Vienna Convention on the law of treaties will help to resolve the conflict. The conclusion made by this paper is that the current application of the exclusionary clause to child soldiers seeking asylum is against the best interests of the child,Thus it recommends that for the best interests of the child to be upheld, there is need for states to agree on a minimum age of criminal responsibility that will promote certainty in applying the exclusion clause as well as a revision of the legal threshold of the exclusion clause to reflect the current legal threshold in international criminal law.
An analysis of the viability of implementing the proposed small claims courts in the kenyan judiciary
(Strathmore University, 2016) Mwaura, Robert Muigai
This dissertation sought to evaluate the viability of introducing Small Claims Courts to the Kenyan Judiciary by investigating the legislative and institutional frameworks that would govern the small claims courts and examining the pecuniary jurisdiction that the courts would operate in if they were introduced. The proposed bill was taken into account and compared to the Small Claims Courts of South Africa. South Africa was chosen an ideal country because just like Kenya, it is a common law country. Finally, this dissertation sought to provide recommendations on the implementation of the courts.The project included a study, that was carried out on 40 advocates who were practicing within the Nairobi area. Secondary sources of information such as internet resources and books were also used in this project. It was evident that there was a lack of understanding of the proposed Small Claims Courts and that the bill had a number of ambiguities. This project recommends that the bill should be reviewed and the public should be sensitized on it thereafter.
An analysis of mandatory mediation
(Strathmore University, 2016) Ba Wazir, Maliha Swaleh
This paper aims to research on mandatory mediation and the various schemes used in different countries specifically the United Kingdom, Italy and the United States so as to inform Kenya's approach. The research aims to cover the various attributes of mediation and contradistinguish them according to the attributes found in mandatory mediation. This will be done by analysing the pros and cons of making mediation mandatory. The research uses the qualitative approach in its study of the trends in the jurisdictions. The research heavily relies on secondary data from books, journals, online resources, case law, legislation, treaties and news articles to analyse the current systems. Pursuant to the secondary data obtained in this research, the shortcomings that come along with mandatory mediation shall be dealt with and the various arguments put forward by legal scholars. This is due to denial of access to justice. The denial of access to justice has been deliberated upon by various jurists who include Lord Woolf, L.J Dyson among others. As such the denial of access justice is an affront to the principles of natural justice. As was established in the case of Halsey V Milton Keynes the honorable L.J Dyson stated that it is one thing to encourage parties or even encourage them strongly to mediate and another to compel them to do so. He further stated that it could lead to a denial of justice which is against the spirit of the courts.For the Kenyan scenario what should have been legislated is the encouragement and voluntary referralas provided for in the Constitution and Civil Procedure Act as an Alternative Dispute Resolution.However mediation should remain as an alternative to litigation and not as a compulsory referral system within the litigation process. The court system consequently should have an encouragement to mediation rather than a compulsion backed by sanctions in the form of fines . This will enhance access to justice from the onset by choice of dispute resolution and provide a variety of choice for dispute resolution mechanisms.
An analysis of penal law objectives in child abuse cases: a comparison of the Kenyan and Canadian experiences
(Strathmore University, 2016) Muthusi, Evans Musau
The main objective of this paper is to assess the veracity of penal law objectives in child abuse cases in Kenya. The Children's Act under Section 2 looks at child abuse as consisting physical, sexual, psychological and mental injury. The research endeavours to cover the various forms of child abuse covered by various pieces of legislation, which are sexual abuse, child physical abuse and child trafficking and exploitation. The area is of interest due to a significant rise in child abuse incidences in the country over the years. One of the objectives of laws is to bring about social order in its purest form with an end to avoid conflict. As such to maintain this order the characteristic response of Kenyan legislate:·" to these atrocities was to pass laws that gave unlimited judicial discretion in sentencing and also severe deterrent punishments. From collected data over a span of 10 years since the enforcement of key legislations, the trend of child abuse crimes across the board have increased in conviction rates, prosecutions and arrests. The question then is whether the objective of the laws is responsible for this inefficiency. To figure out the whether a nexus exists thejurisdiction of Canada was used as a comparative study. The Canadian criminal system, based on Common law, is similar to that of Kenya. The similarity of judicial systems and similar child protection laws provided a proper specimen to analyse whether a nexus exists. The sentencing objectives in child abuse cases however is based on a mixture of retribution and deterrence tempered by mandatory minimum sentence . Across the board it was seen .that the cases of child abuse either diminished or maintained the same number due to effective investigations, implementation of mandatory minimum sentences and less judicial discretion in sentencing. Therefore, the Kenyan experience can be remedied through introduction of mandatory minimums of penalties. This removes discretion of the judiciary and as such aligns the purpose of the laws. Strengthening of child abuse investigations by the Kenya Police Service. This goes to improvement of infrastructure and reduction of bureaucracy. Setting up of proper reporting mechanisms to ensure an associated effort to ensure prosecution of crimes. This goes to the front of accessibility to proper authorities and access to justice.
An analysis of the 2010 constitution and the renaissance of African customary jurisprudence in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Kubasu, James Aija
This paper aims to research on mandatory mediation and the various schemes used in different countries specifically the United Kingdom, Italy and the United States so as to inform Kenya's approach. The research aims to cover the various attributes of mediation and contradistinguish them according to the attributes found in mandatory mediation. This will be done by analysing the pros and cons of making mediation mandatory.The research uses the qualitative approach in its study of the trends in the jurisdictions.The research heavily relies on secondary data from books, journals, online resources, case law, legislation, treaties and news articles to analyse the current systems.Pursuant to the secondary data obtained in this research, the shortcomings that come along with mandatory mediation shall be dealt with and the various arguments put forward by legal scholars. This is due to denial of access to justice. The denial of access to justice has been deliberated upon by various jurists who include Lord Woolf, L.J Dyson among others. As such the denial of access justice is an affront to the principles of natural justice. As was established in the case of Halsey V Milton Keynes the honourable L.J Dyson stated that it is one thing to encourage parties or even encourage them strongly to mediate and another to compel them to do so. He further stated that it could lead to a denial of justice which is against the spirit of the courts.For the Kenyan scenario what should have been legislated is the encouragement and voluntary referral as provided for in the Constitution and Civil Procedure Act as an Alternative Dispute Resolution.However mediation should remain as an alternative to litigation and not as a compulsory referral system within the litigation process. The court system consequently should have an encouragement to mediation rather than a compulsion backed by sanctions in the form of fines . This will enhance access to justice from the onset by choice of dispute resolution and provide a variety of choice for dispute resolution mechanisms.
An Analysis of the legal framework governing disaster management in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Langat, Sharon Cheptoo
This study sought to examine the legal framework governing disaster management in Kenya. The study appreciates the gravity of disasters and the need for legislation of disaster management activities, in a bid to curb and reduce the effect of disasters, in the event that they occur. The objective of the study was to establish the extent to which a functioning legal framework for disaster management adequately facilitates the management of disaster. The study finds that a good legal framework, could go a long way in effectively managing disaster. Looking at the Disaster Management Act, 2002 (South Africa) , the study observes that some of its provisions are key to ensure a functioning system, such as the express allocation of funds to be used in disasters and the establishment of key bodies, vital in managing disasters. The study then proposes a National Disaster Management Bill for drafting and assent for use in Kenya.
Anti-terror laws and the curtailment of media freedom: a comparative study between Kenya and Ethiopia
(Strathmore University, 2016) Mutungi, Zipporah Kagwiria
This paper aims to study anti-terror laws and their use in the curtailment of media freedoms. It will be a comparative study between the anti-terror laws present in Ethiopia and those we have in Kenya with a view of establishing what future anti-terror laws in Kenya will look like or what direction they will take. The study established that section 12 of the Security Laws Amendment Act 2014 and the Anti-Terrorism Proclamation (652/2009) of Ethiopia did indeed curtail the freedoms of the media and imposed unreasonable punishment on members of the media in the undertaking of their duties with regards to reporting on terrorist activities. The powers of the Kenyan and Ethiopian governments have been taken into account in this study and a parallel drawn to demonstrate how they have influenced the media through their use and interpretations of the anti-terror laws. In a bid to work toward anti-terror laws that do not curtail media freedoms but at the same time do not put Kenya at risk some of the recommendations would be laws that do not undermine the media in the fight against terror as the media are the eyes and ears of the people. At the same time the media must operate in a responsible manner and seek to work in a manner that does not jeopardize the security of the nation or that of any individual. The media must thus work towards effective and efficient self-regulation in a bid to prevent interference with national security operations while reporting responsibly on terror activities in the country so as to keep the masses informed. Effective self -regulation will in turn ensure that there is minimal interference from the government as the media disseminates information regarding any terror activities responsibly.
An assessment of the dispute resolution framework in sports Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Kisuu, Samuel Mwendwa
This study is carried out on the background of the many disputes in sports in Kenya. The study takes an athlete-centered approach owing to the fact that they are the most affected pmties in the event of a tussle. The first chapter sets out a basic background by which disputes occur in Kenya. It also introduces the elements that will be discussed in the following chapters.The theories of cultural relativism and justice have informed my assertions about the avenues explored in dispute resolution in sports in Kenya . There is a study of two landmark cases, before the enactment of the Sports Act (2013), which show institutional attitude towards dispute resolution as well as the cou1t 's analysis of the decisions. The Sp01ts Act attempts to mitigate the issues that arise from these cases though there are various legal technicalities by which the Act fails to fully canvas the issues that arose from the decisions.Chapters 1-4 are more of informative chapters with decisions, articles and statistics and very little analysis. Further analysis is contained in the final chapter where the information is harmonized .
Balance between the right to freedom of expression and anti- terror legislation: a case study of Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Rukiya, Azizi Ibrahim
The 21 st century has seen a significant rise in terrorist activities. These activities are known to disrupt public order and subsequently destabilise both developed and developing countries. The Paris attacks in November 2015 on a football stadium, a theatre and restaurants led to the death of 128 people, the largest number of deaths France has witnessed since the end of World War II not to mention the presence of the Islamic State of Iraq, Syria and the Levant (ISIL) self-proclaimed "caliphate" arbitrarily executing scores of People in the Middle East. In Kenya, the AI shabab has conducted a number of attacks that partially disabled the country, 67 died in a West-gate Mall Act in 2013, 147 were killed in Garrissa University in 2015 and other attacks that have jeopardized the country's economy and national security. It is the duty of the state to ensure that peace and security are maintained within their territories. Legislation is key in •ensuring these objectives are met. It is however important in the course of safeguarding national security and protecting public order, they do not violate other Civil and Political Rights. Freedom of expression is the cornerstone of democracies and should therefore be limited within the confines of the law.
Battle against corruption: significance of effective whistleblowers' protection law in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Gacheru, Wanjiru Christine Angelina
Whistleblowing is one of the various key detection mechanisms used to uncover corruption in both public and private sectors. Whistle-blowers are those who give up information to the relevant authorities. However, they are often in danger of various threats to their life and safety by powerful individuals whom they intend to report. It is against this backdrop that this study highlights the importance of their protection through the enactment of laws in the fight against corruption. A disappointing finding is made of the inadequacy of laws in existence in Kenya for the protection of whistle-blowers given the clear correlation between lower levels of corruption and the existence of such laws. And whilst the study finds that legislation is important, it also admits that implementation will be a challenge if the rule of law is not respected. Further, the substance of proposed laws should also be given due consideration and it is to this end that the paper highlights some key aspects (both substantive and procedural) that ought to be included in the drafting of such laws in Kenya.
Challenge of revenue allocation facing devolution in Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Wangome, Levi Muchai
The Constitution of Kenya 2010, under chapter 11, introduced the concept of the county government system of devolution to Kenya. This brought about a sense of hope to the mwananchi as it signified the return of the government into the hands ofthe people and away from the grasp of the few high and mighty. It also sought to enforce equitable sharing of resources all over the country through county governments.This paper set out to research fmiher into the legal and institutional framework around fiscal decentralization as enshrined in the constitution and find whether the legislation to cater for it, was able to meet the objectives set under chapter 11 .In carrying out the research, journal articles by various authors, statutes and internet sources gave the much needed guidance and material to complete this paper.The study takes a look at Kenya's history with regards to decentralized government, highlights the main laws in relation to fiscal decentralization, critiques the legal framework and draws lessons from South Africa and Nigeria in equitable distribution of national resources in devolved governance.The research ultimately gives various recommendations, especially with regards to legislative reform, that would ensure the growth and success of devolution in Kenya.
Combating commercial sex in Kenya: a critical approach on legalization of prostitution
(Strathmore University, 2016) Muroki, Jolene N.
The paper takes a critical look at legalization of commercial sex and whether it is a better approach to dealing with commercial sex compared to alternatives previously offered. It moves to the details of the history of prostitution, how such an old profession ended up a taboo in almost all States and why it is important that we take a different approach towards dealing with the practice other than criminalizing it.The main objective of this paper is to critic the criminalization of prostitution, questioning the reason behind it, and to criticall y look at legalization weighing its pros and cons in a bid to answer whether it a better alternative compared to criminalizing commercial sex.Overall , the recommendation made is that, as a nation we should open ourselves up to legalization as a means of dealing with commercial sex, as it is the best option we can be able to offer, given our circumstances as a developing country, to a group that very often faces marginalization and discrimination among other inhumane treatment.
A comparative study of social media use in hiring processes in the united states, the United Kingdom and Kenya
(Strathmore University, 2016) Kerubo, Loice Nyaribo
The main aim of this research is to investigate whether refugees pose a threat to the national security of Kenya. The objects of the study were: to investigate whether refugees portend any security threats in Kenya, to establish for policy recommendation whether screening measures currently in place are able to separate criminals that do not deserve international protection at Kenyan borders, airports and sea entry points and to determine whether drastic government measures to deter hosting of criminal elements among refugees has had any consequences on genuine refugees. The target population of the research consisted of: refugees, government officials and host communities. This study employed secondary data, with data retrieved from various databases such as Hein Online, JSTOR and Lex is Nexis. Analysis of the media reports and statutes on refugees and national security in Kenya was also used. The study recommends that Kenya has an obligation of providing security to its citizens and also to protect the physical security of refugees living in its camps. There is therefore the need to strike a balance between obeying international obligations and that of protecting national interests.
The conflict benveen A1ticles 27 and 86 of the Rome Statute 2vith respect to an accused incumbent head of state and its effect on the effectiveness of the trial process'
(Strathmore University, 2016) Kimani, Patrick Mwangi
Under customary international law, incumbent heads of states are accorded certain immunities whose purpose is to ensure the smooth conduct of international relations of their state which, in turn, require an effective process of communication between states. It is safe, therefore, to say that immunities for sitting heads of states undergird the stability of the international community. The development of international criminal law in the last seven decades has seen a gradual erosion of the integrity of immunities for heads of states. The journey from Nuremberg to The Hague has resulted in a permanent International Criminal Court established under the Rome Statute. Article 27(2) of this Statute disregards immunities as an effective bar to the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. Heads of states have been stripped off their "invisibility cloak" from international criminal prosecutions. Establishing international criminal jurisdiction in a particular case is one thing. Conducting a successful international criminal trial is another. One of the core elements in the latter is the investigation process. The Rome Statute places its reliance on the situation state's authorities by imposing an obligation on the state to cooperate with the Court in its investigation and prosecution of crimes. This general obligation to cooperate, found under Article 86 of the Rome Statute, is determinative of not only the success of any trial process but also the legitimacy and credibility of the Court. A special tension is noticeable in circumstances where an incumbent head of state is accused at the Court- which is now possible following the stripping of the "immunities cloak"- while his state is placed under the general cooperation obligation with the Court. This tension is clearly manifest, at least practically, in the two criminal processes against Uhuru Kenyatta and Omar AI Bashir. Bearing in mind the significant political muscle a sitting head of state wields in their state, it is quite unlikely and indeed evident from the two cases above, that the state authorities will be very reluctant to discharge their Article 86 obligation. While the prosecution of former heads of states is possible and has actually happened, the prosecution of sitting heads of states remains a challenge. Is it time to rethink the structure of the Court or the implementation of the Rome Statute? This dissertation is an analysis of the tension or conflict between the implication of Article 27 and the obligation under Article 86 of the Rome Statute with respect to a sitting head of state. It is a qualitative research focused on some principles of international criminal law and their inter-relationship. To heal the tension, I recommend in the last chapter, a redefinition of the structure of the Court. This redefinition entails significant reduction of the role the state may play in determining the success or direction of a criminal trial.
Conservation of monuments in Kenya : a case for a living heritage approach in heritage legislation
(Strathmore University, 2016) Ngurumi, Andrew Waithumbi
The World Heritage Committee in their Thirty First Session in New Zealand on July 2007, included a "Fifth C" to their World Heritage Convention strategic objectives, which is Community participation. The idea of community participation is the involvement of indigenous, traditional or local people presented as community groups, tribes, nongovernmental organizations, private enterprise or local authorities in the identification, management and conservation of cultural heritage. Community participation is considered necessary Since firstly , heritage protection without community involvement and commitment is an invitation to failure, secondly, coupling community to the conservation of heritage is consistent with international best practice, thirdly, conservation, capacity building, credibility, and communication are all intrinsically linked to the idea of community and fourthly, that heritage protection, should, wherever possible, reconcile the needs of the human communities, as humanity needs to be at the heart of conservation. In Kenya, community participation in respect to conservation of monuments is sidelined or subsumed in the roles of the heritage authorities both in law and practice. Additionally, monuments are viewed as mere property lacking any cultural significance hence there is no community engagement in their conservation. This study seeks to investigate the effects of defining monuments as mere property without any cultural significance. This research further seeks to delineate the role of communities in conservation of monuments and recommends ways that we can understand monuments as part of our cultural heritage, involve communities in conservation of monuments in a bid to ensure that the monuments are protected for and by the people not from the people. This research begins by setting out the definition of monuments as either cultural property or cultural' heritage. It establishes that monuments are better described as cultural heritage since such a definition incorporates the cultural significance and values of monuments. Further, the study seeks to distinguish the various methods of conservation of monuments: a material based approach, a value based approach and a living heritage approach. The study indicates that the approach in the current legislation is a material based approach that focuses on the fabric or form of the monuments. In as much as the values of the monuments are addressed, when community participation is minimal and the heritage authorities take charge of monuments conservation this results to a material based approach. In a bid to ensure that conservation of monuments involves communities, the recommendation is that we need an amendment in the current legal framework to mirror the proviso under National Policy on Culture and Heritage (2009) that the government should involve the community in immovable heritage conservation. The National Heritage and Museums Act Cap216 (2006) does not incorporate community participation in the monuments Conservation despite this principle being a national value under Article 10 (2) (a) of the Constitution of Kenya, (2010). Therefore, this research proposes inclusion of community participation in the heritage legal framework
Constitutional law in the extradition process : an examination of the application of the US-Kenya extradition treaty
(Strathmore University, 2016) Boinnet, Robert Kiprotich
The old Constitution held severe claw back clauses that undermined the very rights it sought to protect.Under that regime, extradition law lacked integral aspects that led to constriction of the person's right to receive a fair trial.The bill of rights, under the new Constitution, guarantees all persons fundamental rights and freedoms.Certain classes of rights are deemed inalienableBy virtue of the freedom from discrimination',fair trial" and equality before the law," these rights are equally available to fugitives due for arrest and extradition. Therefore, any law that touches on the fundamental rights and freedoms of fugitives must be aligned with, and be in consistent to, the safeguards and rights recognised under the Constitution.
The constitutionality of the exercise and regulation of the foreign affairs power by county governments
(Strathmore University, 2016) Maina, Eva
Traditionally, Foreign Affairs Power has exclusively been the domain of the State. In Kenya, however, the introduction of devolution by the 2010 Constitution has led to the formation of county governments mirrored on the structure of the National Government. There have been members of these county governments who have sought to form relations with foreign entities including foreign states, and thus seem to exercise some limited foreign affairs power. The objective of this paper is to research the exercise of this power and determine whether county governments can constitutionally yield such power.Through a purpose approach, it can be concluded that county governments can exercise some form of limited foreign affairs power. This power is not absolute and must be limited. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has taken some steps to try and regulate this power. This regulation is not enough. There is a need to develop a proper legal framework to check the activities of the county government in the international plane. This research has mainly been a qualitative research. In writing the dissertation, an in-depth analysis of primary resources, such as the Constitution as well as Acts of Parliament, has been carried out. There has also been a review of secondary material as well as an interview at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that has been used as a source of information.

Browse

Browsing LLB Research Projects (2016) by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options