SBS Scholarly Articles

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/11071/3887

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 55

Structural sources of constitutional conflicts: a conflict analysis of constitution-making in Kenya, 1997-2005
(2008) Mudida, Robert
The study investigates the structural sources of constitutional conflicts in Kenyan society by examining the process and content debates in the constitutional review process that took place between 1997 and 2005. The study is based on the premise that a country's constitution is a fundamental pillar on which the society is structured. The study applies the structural violence theoretical framework to provide a deeper insight into Kenya's constitutional debates. It develops the hypothesis that an anomalous constitution engenders structural violence in society. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used to carry out the study. Non-probability stratified sampling is used in the study. This study argues that the existing Kenya constitution is a fundamental source of structural violence in Kenya. Constitutional conflicts arise because the constitution does not address many of the concerns of its citizens such as equitable distribution of resources and the protection of individual and minority rights. The study also contends that the process of constitution-making and the content of the constitution are inextricably linked. A defective process leads to an anomalous constitution. The study also finds that attempts to address constitutional conflicts in Kenya have often been settlement rather than resolution-oriented thereby rendering them less effective. Constitution-making is eminently a political process and both the Kenyan political landscape and the broader political context of African states need to be considered to adequately appreciate Kenya's constitutional conflicts.
Keeping warm in later life: tackling money, mindsets and machinery
(Sheffield Hallam University, 2011) Lusambili, Adelaide; Angela, Tod; Abbott, Jo; Homer, Catherine; McDaid, Kath; Mapplethorpe, Paul
A study to examine the knowledge, beliefs and values of older people with a focus on keeping warm at home and barriers to accessing help to keep warm.With the findings we will develop solutions and strategies to overcome these barriers in an attempt to prevent seasonal excess deaths.
Adoption of agricultural technologies in Kenya : How does gender matter?
(2011-10) Ndiritu, Simon W; Kassie, Menale; Shiferaw, Bekele
This paper uses plot level data to investigate the agricultural technologies adoption across male and female plots managers in Kenya with particular attention on complementarity or substitutability of several technologies on a plot. Using Multivariate probit model we found that all the technologies under consideration complement each other. The analysis further shows that women plot managers are more likely to adopt soil and water conservation but are less likely to apply animal manure relative to male managed plots. But we find no gender differences for adoption of maize-legume intercropping, maize-legume rotation, improved seed varieties, minimum tillage and inorganic fertilizer.
Emerging trends and concerns in the economic diplomacy of African states
(Inderscience Publishers, 2012-10-10) Mudida, Robert
Increased globalisation has played a key role in shaping recent trends and concerns in the economic diplomacy of African states. African states are increasingly interested in becoming more relevant actors in the global economy. The economic diplomacy of African states is primarily a diplomacy of development aimed at improving the quality of life of African citizens. Economic diplomacy at both bilateral and multilateral levels is helping to articulate the key concerns of African states. This diplomacy in recent years has been defined by the engagement of African states with non-traditional partners such as China, India and Brazil and also a strong impetus towards greater economic integration within Africa. The renewed economic growth of African states spurred a much bigger middle class and the discovery of new natural resources has helped to create a great economic interest in Africa by both Western and non-Western states that have sought to engage African governments so as to further their own interests in economic diplomacy. In order to enhance the articulation of their economic interests, African states need to overcome key trade and investment barriers that still exist
What determines gender inequality in household food security in Kenya? application of exogenous switching treatment regression
(ScienceDirect, 2014-04) Menale, Kassie; Ndiritu, Simon W.; Stage, Jesper
This paper explores the link between the gender of a household head and food security in rural Kenya. The results show that the food security gap between male-headed households (MHHs) and female-headed households (FHHs) is explained by their differences in observable and unobservable characteristics. FHHs’ food security status would have been higher than it is now if the returns (coefficients) on their observed characteristics had been the same as the returns on the MHHs’ characteristics. Even if that had been the case, however, results indicate that FHHs would still have been less food-secure than the MHHs due to unobservable characteristics.
Complementarity in firm-level innovation strategies: a comparative study of Kenya and Nigeria
(Taylor and Francis Online, 2015-09) Egbetokun, Abiodun
We present and analyse firm-level innovation data from Kenya and Nigeria. We test for the existence of complementarities between internal R&D and external innovation activities, and between organizational and marketing innovations. Some evidence is found on the existence of complementarities between internal and external technological innovation strategies in the case of Kenya, but not in the case of Nigeria. However, organizational and marketing innovations do not appear to be complementary in innovation either in Kenya or in Nigeria.
The cascade model of teachers’ continuing professional development in Kenya : a time for change?
(Taylor & Francis, 2016-01-28) Bett, Harry
Kenya is one of the countries whose teachers the UNESCO (2015) report cited as lacking curriculum support in the classroom. As is the case in many African countries, a large portion of teachers in Kenya enter the teaching profession when inadequately prepared, while those already in the field receive insufficient support in their professional lives. The cascade model has often been utilized in the country whenever need for teachers’ continuing professional development (TCPD) has arisen, especially on a large scale. The preference for the model is due to, among others, its cost effectiveness and ability to reach out to many teachers within a short period of time. Many researchers have however cast aspersions with this model for its glaring shortcomings. On the contrary, TCPD programmes that are collaborative in nature and based on teachers’ contexts have been found to be more effective than those that are not. This paper briefly examines cases of the cascade model in Kenya, the challenges associated with this model and proposes the adoption of collaborative and institution-based models to mitigate these challenges. The education sectors in many nations in Africa, and those in the developing world will find the discussions here relevant.
The Aftermath of fraud
(ICPAK, 2016-03) Mathuva, David Mutua; Waituika, Kennedy
You have just unearthed that “major” fraud in your organization. You now want to establish the underlying cause of the fraud and how you can recover the lost assets. Question is:how do you involve the relevant law enforcement agencies, the criminal justice system and then ‘move on’? What do you need to consider before engaging the law enforcement agencies?
The Fading role of bank reconciliation in fraud prevention and detection
(ICPAK, 2016-04) Mathuva, David Mutua
Bank reconciliation statements have traditionally served as an important control tool in detecting anomalies either in the cash book and or the bank statements. Whereas there may exist a number of anomalies in the cash book maintained by the company, there are usually few (or no) anomalies in the bank statement. In my experience with a number of corporate frauds, bank reconciliations have in most cases been least useful in tracking where fraudulent activity could have started. I have encountered companies that have had to do with “cooked” bank reconciliation statements for over two years, that is, 24 months! This period is enough to defraud the company a significant amount of money without anyone noticing.
If they don't use it, they lose it: how organisational structures and practices shape residents' physical movement in care home settings.
(2017) Lusambili, Adelaide
Older people living in long-term facilities (nursing and residential homes providing 24-hour care) spend the majority of their time inactive, despite the known health and wellbeing benefits of physical activity and reduced time spent sedentary. In order to successfully embed interventions that aim to increase physical activity or reduce sedentary behaviour, it is necessary to understand the features of the care environment that influenced residents’ routine patterns of movement. Drawing on an organisational perspective, this paper explores the structures and mechanisms that shaped different care practices concerning residents’ movement in two contrasting care homes in the north of England. This study adopted an ethnographic approach, using a combination of qualitative observations, informal conversations and interviews. A grounded theory approach to data analysis was adopted. The findings illustrate the importance of translating espoused values of care into tangible and acceptable care practices; systems of management; staff training and development; and the use of care planning in residents’ routine patterns of movement. Understanding how organisational factors shape routine movement among care home residents will help inform the development of embedded and sustainable interventions that enhance physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour. This study is part of a wider programme of research developing and testing a complex intervention, embedded within routine care, to reduce sedentary behaviour among care home residents.
Shocks affecting electricity prices in Kenya, a fractional integration study
(ScienceDirect, 2017-02) Luis, A. Gil-Alana; Mudida, Robert; Carcel, Hector
We conduct a fractional integration and cointegration study of several Kenyan electricity price series in order to determine whether signs of persistence or mean reversion can eventually be discovered. Such features can be considered as relevant when considering the possibilities of shocks affecting the energy market of Kenya, which has recently been subjected to major debate. We conclude that electricity prices in Kenya contain unit roots, implying permanent shocks lasting forever. Among the factors affecting electricity prices, we find oil prices and interest rates have significant positive effects on electricity, and based on the fact that all the series are I(1), long run relationships are examined by means of fractional cointegration. The recently introduced FCVAR model is implemented, with results showing that the series under study are fractionally cointegrated, with oil price shocks affecting electricity prices.
Providing context and inspiring hope: using the case method to teach public policy in developing countries
(2017-05-03) Mudida, Robert
This article asks: What makes for good cases when teaching public policy in a developing country? How important is geographic proximity relative to other factors in determining relevance? Building on literature about the unique public policy needs in developing countries and the case method as a pedagogical tool, and using a survey from a program that serves midcareer professionals in Nairobi, Kenya, the authors ﬁnd the following to be key criteria for case selection: being set in a comparable developing country context; representing a similar array of public problems as the local context; demonstrating alternative public policy approaches to achieve progress; and inspiring optimism and hope by virtue of overcoming barriers. The authors share information on two cases that students identiﬁed as best meeting these criteria, one set in Asia (Singapore) and the other in Latin America (Colombia).
Current reporting and relationship with integrated reporting for listed companies in Kenya : disclosure levels and company factors
(African Accounting & Finance Association, 2019-12) Injeni, Geoffrey Ikavulu; McFie, James Boyd; Mudida, Robert; Mangena, Musa
This study draws on agency, stakeholder and legitimacy theories, to analyze the extent to which ‘integrated reporting’ information is currently being disclosed by Kenyan listed companies and to investigate the firm-level factors associated with the disclosures relying on content analysis procedures to assess the level of disclosure of integrated reporting information in the annual reports (2010-2016) of 50 companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) as well as unbalanced panel data econometric models to establish the association between the integrated reporting disclosures and firm-level factors (including corporate governance and sustainability reporting). The study finds that as of 2016, the formal adoption of integrated reporting was very low at the rate of only 14% (i.e., 7 out of the 50 companies). Nonetheless, disclosure levels for information required as per the integrated reporting framework have increased from 59% in 2010 to 72% in 2016. Disclosures are mainly for organizational overview, strategies, governance, risk and performance. Stakeholder engagement, business model, future challenges and outlook are the notable areas of non-compliance. Findings also show that large companies are likely to adopt integrated reporting due to their high levels of disclosures, while the nature of sectors, like banks, is also likely to influence the adoption of integrated reporting. Although integrated reporting is positively correlated to both financial and non-financial information (with high significance for both sustainability reporting and corporate governance reporting), sustainability reporting is still a challenge for companies. Given the dearth of contemporary evidence establishing if/how companies in emerging markets are adopting the integrated reporting framework, the paper's findings are important for regulators and policymakers to establish the challenges of providing additional information in such contexts, e.g., sustainability reports.
Regulatory perspectives on integrated reporting in an emerging market : the case of listed companies in Kenya
(African Journal Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 2020-02-20) Injeni, Geoffrey Ikavulu; McFie, James Boyd; Mangena, Musa
Based on agency and stakeholder theories, we review the regulatory framework that supports integrated reporting by listed companies in Kenya and utilise semi-structured interviews to obtain and evaluate the views of regulators about current reporting requirements and integrated reporting. We find that regulation is nebulous due to overlaps and multiple reporting requirements. Other than the Kenya Capital Markets Authority's corporate governance code, there is little legal and professional support for the adoption of integrated reporting. Even though regulators think the adoption of integrated reporting will enhance transparency in current reporting practices, they are sceptical about harmonising and addressing the regulatory challenges. This paper adds to the growing literature on stakeholders' views on integrated reporting from an emerging market context faced by weak regulatory enforcement mechanisms. The findings are useful to regulators and policy-makers in highlighting the challenges faced in the adoption of a new reporting dispensation, like integrated reporting
The Role of government in enhancing economic opportunities for women
(Strathmore University Business School, 2024) Strathmore Business School
The Growth and Economic Opportunities for Women (GrOW) East Africa initiative seeks to spur transformative change to advance gender equality in the world of work. GrOW East Africa is a partnership between the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, The William and Flora Hewlett foundation, and Canada's International Development Research Centre. GrOW East Africa funded a research project by Strathmore Business School on Enhancing the effectiveness of government procurement programs in achieving women's economic empowerment in Kenya.
History of Kenya to 1900 : a synopsis of the history of Kenya before Colonisation
Njenga, George
Wisdom@Strathmore series
Men and Women - a sociological vision of differences: the case of Spain
Njenga, George
Situating and evaluating institutions in the common good : Common good and neo-liberalism perspectives
George N. Njenga
Business Institutions play a fundamental role in ensuring and preserving the common good of society. The underlying philosophy of global society and its institutions half a century after the Second World War still remain largely divided between capitalism and socialism. The capitalists seemed to have won when the ‘iron curtain’ fell in 1989. Was this the case? Not everyone has progressed since the end of the Cold War. Since 1990 some 55 countries have had declining per capita incomes, while inequality has risen within and between countries. It is too soon to say whether global capitalism will be saved from itself. This thesis is a theoretical analytical attempt at providing an assessment of business institutions from the perspective of the social common good as understood in the Aristotelian-Thomistic philosophic tradition.
Once-daily combination therapy for uncomplicated malaria: is this the way forward?
(Clinical Infectious Diseases, ) Kokwaro, G.
The Monogamous family : a historical perspective
Njenga, George
The reasons and consequences of the Catholic Church’s historical position on marriage among relatives since the 4th century have been extensively debated by many socio‐historians. The assertions made by Jack Goody that the Catholic Church’s position on Marriage among relatives was based merely on economic reasons, has been amply debated. Against Goody’s hypothesis history shows that during the early medieval age other Christian Churches and certain Jews proposed similar rules on marriage as the Catholic Church. On the other hand Christianity’s rebellion against religious preponderance of lineage has had a great influence on the advance of the said prohibitions.

Browse

Browsing SBS Scholarly Articles by Issue Date

Results Per Page

Sort Options