MPPM Thesis and Dissertations (2021)

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    The Effect of social media interactions on tax compliance: a case study of the Kenya Revenue Authority
    (Strathmore University, 2021) Mapesa, Jacqueline
    The Kenya Revenue Authority adopted the use of social media as a communication tool in 2016 in a bid to target the middle class Kenyan and the youths who are active users of social media. However, three years after the adoption, the authority still missed its weighted tax compliance rate by six percent in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The purpose of the study is to study how KRA can use social media interactions to increase tax compliance rates. The specific objectives are to; determine the effect of social media interactions on the tax compliance rates, establish the effect of social media interactions on taxpayers' attitude on tax compliance and to determine the extent to which social media interactions send the correct message to the taxpayer on tax compliance. The study is anchored on the excellence the01y and the theory of reasoned action. The study used a case study research design where a population of 24 KRA officers in the social media department and 13 7 taxpayers were sampled. Secondary data and primary data were used in the study. Primary data were collected using questionnaires, where secondary data were obtained from KRA social media pages. Data analysis was done using SPSS. A correlation analysis was done and findings was presented through basic descriptive statistics. The study found that KRA has accounts in all social media platforms. The study found that KRA uses its social media platforms to educate taxpayers on different obligations and; to inform taxpayers; and as an avenue of interaction with taxpayers. The study also found a positive effect of social media interaction on taxpayer attitude; knowledge on tax policies and laws; and a positive impact on tax compliance. The study concluded that KRA's brand presence on social media was impo11ant since it helps provide the correct information on tax and in a timely manner. Interactions and queries handled in a timely manner help improve taxpayer’s perception of the KRA brand and impact taxpayer’s perception on tax compliance positively. The study concluded that social media interaction affects taxpayers ' attitude on taxation and positively affects taxpayers' knowledge on tax laws, which increases tax compliance rates and improves revenue collection.
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    Effect of organizational behaviour modification on service delivery at the immigration department, Kenya.
    (Strathmore University, 2021) Gitau, Sankara Caroline
    This research established the effect of organizational behavior modification on service delivery at the Immigration department in Nairobi, Kenya. The specific objectives included: a) to find out the effect of reinforcement strategies on service delivery, b) to determine the effect of employees' readiness on service delivery, and c) to establish how aligning objectives of organizational behavior modification with organization goals affect service delivery. The study adopted a descriptive design with a population of 695 respondents. A scientific sampling method was adopted and data was collected using an online questionnaire survey technique. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Specifically, this study conducted a linear regression analysis to illustrate the combined effect of predictor variables on service delivery. The analysis established a significant positive relationship between employees' readiness to change and service delivery (p- value = 0.000 < 0.05). Also, there exists a significant positive relationship between aligning objectives of organizational behavior modification with organization goal and service delivery (p -value = 0.000 < 0.05). However, the study established an insignificant positive relationship between reinforcement strategies and service delivery (p - value = 0.225 >0.05). The implication of the findings of this study to the Immigration department is that behavioral changes require readiness at the individual level. Importantly, the management should also find a way to align the objectives of the behavior modification to organization goals to create a comprehensive and strategic behavioral objective that employees strive to achieve, directly and indirectly, to improve service delivery. The study recommends the need to emphasize behavior modification at an individual and organizational level as it is an area that directly determines the culture of group employees and the organization in general regarding areas of further research, the study recommends other studies to be unde1iaken in other government agencies. There is also a need to identify and include other dimensions of organizational behavior modification and determine how they affect service delivery in public institutions in further research.
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    Determinants and policy framework for competitiveness of backpacking tourism in Kenya
    (Strathmore University, 2021) Bundi, Eva Gatwiri
    Backpacking tourism has evolved globally but remains under exploited segment in Kenya. Countries with tourism-based economies deploy their comparative and competitive advantages to achieve competitiveness in the tourism sector. The general objective of this study was to assess the determinants and policy framework for competitiveness of backpacking tourism in Kenya through an exploratory survey research. Data collection was done using structured questionnaires from 38 respondents using a stratified random sampling design. The respondents came from staff in the national government tourism agencies, county government tourism departments, tourism research and education institutions, staff in backpacker hostels and members of tourism professional and industry bodies in Kenya. The descriptive analysis involved the use of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation while inferential analysis involved the application of Pearson Correlation to determine the nature of the relationship between the determinants, policy framework and competitiveness of backpacking tourism. The results indicated that the best performing determinants of Kenya’s competitiveness in backpacking tourism are the unique scenery, landscapes, national parks and reserves, quality and range of activities (nature-based, adventure, recreational), unique architecture, traditional arts and crafts in the destination and the friendliness of the locals towards tourists. There is a notable lack of government support for entrepreneurs in the backpacking tourism segment and poor government pricing policies (taxes, charges & exchange rates) to spur backpacking tourism. The correlation analysis results revealed that there was a positive correlation between the determinants and competitiveness of backpacking tourism and a positive correlation between policy framework and competitiveness of backpacking tourism. There is a need to enhance government policy interventions to promote the backpacking tourism segment. Future studies on a wider scope are recommended considering that this is an area with little information especially in Kenya.
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    The Relationship between government spending on health and mortality from Non-Communicable Diseases: a global level panel data analysis (2000-2016)
    (Strathmore University, 2021) Njuguna, Benson Ng’ang’a
    Non-communicable diseases (NCD) cause the most death and disability globally, posing a significant public health threat, with detrimental impact on productivity and economic growth. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 targets reducing NCD related mortality by one third by 2030. In order to accomplish this, domestic government expenditure on health (GEH) has been proposed as a key policy tool to expand access to quality healthcare and reduce premature NCD mortality. GEH as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) varies between countries at the global, regional and income group level, however the relationship between domestic GEH and premature mortality from NCDs is currently unknown. This study objectives were to investigate the relationship between domestic GEH and premature NCD mortality from the four major NCDs, the mediating role of access to quality healthcare on this relationship, and the moderating role of country income grouping on this relationship. The study used panel data regression analysis to analyse country level secondary data for the years 2000-2016 for countries which are signatory to the UN SDG. Both fixed and random effects estimations were conducted, with the Wu Hausman test used to identify the most appropriate model. This study found an inverse relationship between domestic GEH and premature NCD mortality, controlling for private expenditure on health, per capita GDP, tertiary education level, and government effectiveness, with a coefficient of -0.049 (p value < 0.01) under a fixed effects assumption, which was favoured by the Wu Hausman test. The study also found no role of access to quality healthcare, as measured using the health access and quality index (HAQI) metric as a mediator in the relationship between domestic GEH and premature NCD mortality. Finally, the study found that country income grouping was a strong moderator in the relationship, becoming stronger and more significant as country income grouping rose. The findings of this study are instructive to policy makers, particularly in ministries of health and ministries of finance on the inverse relationship between domestic GEH and mortality from NCD and provides data in support of the calls to increase public spending on health, particularly given the health and economic benefits attainable from reducing NCD morbidity and mortality and achieving SDG 3.4.
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    Factors influencing pupils’ retention in public primary schools: a case of Trans Mara East Sub-County– Narok County, Kenya
    (Strathmore University, 2021) Kipkemboi, John
    Education plays a vital part in the growth and progression of any country’s economy. Kenya has implemented free primary education on three separate occasions. The policy aimed to upsurge the enrolment rate in public primary schools in the nation and enhance their retention rate in these institutions. However, the policy has faced several challenges, which have resulted in a decrease in the retention rates of pupils in these schools. The study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the retention of pupils in public primary schools in Trans Mara East Sub-county of Narok County. The study's specific objectives were: to assess the influence of economic factors, geographical factors, and socio-cultural factors on the retention of pupils in public primary schools in Trans Mara East Sub-county. The researcher utilized a descriptive research design to determine the association existing amid dependent and independent variables. The target populace for the study comprised of school heads, parents, pupils, board and committee members and sub-county directors in Trans Mara Sub-county. The total target population was 2029. The investigator utilized a multistage sampling method where stratified and convenience sampling methods were utilized to select different sizes of samples for the investigation. Questionnaires were employed in collecting primary data from the sub-county. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to present the results. The study’s outcomes are expected to benefit the ministry of education, school administrators, County government of Narok and future researchers. The findings revealed that separately, economic, social, cultural, and geographical proximity positively and significantly influence learner retention. However, when all the variables are combined, only social-cultural factors had a significant predictive ability to influence learner retention. Overall, the study concluded that economic factors, social-cultural factors and geographical proximity have a positive and significant relationship influence on learner retention. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the national government in collaboration with the Narok County government, should make policies aimed at enhancing the economic actitivies of the people living in this region, should also advocate for family planning to ensure that parents give birth to children that they can provide quality basic life, should eliminate female genital mutilation, early marriages, and support both girl and boy education. They should build more schools, improve the infrastructure of existing schools, and ensure the availability of quality school facilities such as toilets.