Ethics Conference 2012
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- ItemUnderstanding global policy and funding to build new proposals for person centered solutions(Strathmore University, 2012) Halpine, Anna“[r]eproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and its functions and processes. Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the Reproductive health freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so. Implicit in this last condition are the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as other methods of birth control which are not against the law, and the right of access to appropriate health-care services that will enable women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth and provide couples with the best chance of having a healthy infant.”“That definition (found in paragraph 7.2 of the Program of Action) does not include any reference to abortion at all. On the contrary, rather than imposing on any State an obligation to legalize or de-penalize abortion, the ICPD Program of Action explicitly Reproductive health recognizes the sovereignty of states to legislate on that matter”. – notes on Article 7, SJA
- ItemA Study on knowledge, attitude and use of hormonal contraceptives among University studentsNdungu, Allen; Kendagor, CalebThere has been sustained campaign for adoption of hormonal contraceptives for use by the general population worldwide to avoid unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions and reduce population growth. The main targets of these campaigns are the teenagers in schools, both primary and secondary since they are the most risk of unwanted pregnancies.
- ItemThe Benefits of research partnerships to the community at KEMRI/Walter Reed ProjectOKoth, George; Otieno, Lucas; Owira, Victorine; Ogutu, Bernhards; Otieno, WalterEthical Principles on Human Subject Protection in Clinical Research revolves around Autonomy, Beneficence and Justice. Beneficence requires that the benefits to research participants are maximized as you minimize the risk There’s need to enhance health, healthcare and general well being of communities participating in research Background well being of communities participating in research. Many local communities in developing countries have limited access to basic healthcare making them vulnerable and open to undue influence. Without collaborative partnership, strong interest and investment by government, research results may not influence policy making decisions and allocation of scarce healthcare resources. The KEMRI/Walter Reed Project a collaborative research program has conducted clinical trials for over 20 years in Kenya. During this period its objectives have included working with partners to maximize research benefits in the community in which it works by effectively utilizing the available resources to address local health needs.
- ItemTowards an understanding of sub-Saharan African fertility transition with particular reference to KenyaGrimes, Seamus9TH Annual ethics conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, 25-26 OCTOBER 2012.
- ItemThe Role of ethics in promoting science, technology and innovation in KenyaAbdulrazak, Shaukat Prof.
- ItemHuman rights, human life, human dignityLord, David Alton9TH Annual ethics conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, 25-26 OCTOBER 2012.
- ItemEthics review guidelines in KenyaLangat, Simon Dr.9TH Annual ethics conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, 25-26 OCTOBER 2012.
- ItemHuman rights : bioethical and biopolitical implications of tortureDaverio, Margherita9th Annual Ethics Conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at Strathmore University, 25-26 October 2012.
- ItemGender ideology proposals and its consequencesMiranda, Martha Dr.For more than a decade the evolution of the notion of the term “gender” has grown in importance, both in intellectual debate and in the realm of praxis. Initially,the expression “gender” was used within the field of grammar in order to distinguish masculine, feminine or neuter words. However, from the beginning of the second half of the 20th century, this word has undergone a conceptual change due to its increased use in other areas and, in particular, for having substituted the classical term “sex”,employed in order to designate the human sexual duality, man-woman. In this context,it can be affirmed that gender has displaced sex in contemporary anthropological,social, political and legal discourse. In addition, it has found a definitive place in academic language and in legislation. Although the word gender by itself doesn’t have a positive or negative way to be understood, the problem is its interpretation. Today one of the leading interpretations is called “gender ideology”.
- ItemPopulation decrease : through family planningLetting, Albert; Njuguna, Christine; Adhiambo, Yvonne9TH Annual ethics conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, 25-26 OCTOBER 2012.
- ItemIn vitro fertilization : the status of the frozen embryoMuigai, AnneThe first Kenyan IVF babies were born on 8th May 2006. The event was celebrated as a breakthrough. It was to offer hope for perhaps thousands of Kenyan couples who were childless. Since then a number of IVF clinics have sprang up around the country. Childless couples are routinely offered IVF as a solution to their childless state. Little is said about the state of the frozen embryo. Or the ethics and morality of the IVF treatment. The number of frozen embryos in Kenya is unknown. There are between 400,000 and 500,000 frozen embryos in the USA alone. With an estimated 20,000 being added annually.
- ItemThe Moral acceptability of genetically modified foods (gmo’s)Gichuru, Virginia GathoniThere is belief that the use of biotechnologies in combination with conventional plant breeding, can contribute to the food security of Africa. Some of these potential benefits of genetically modified biotech crops include tolerance to salinity, resistance to pests, and enhanced nutritional value. Nutritionally enhanced crops are important in developing countries to fight malnutrition and its related diseases. On the other hand the advent of biotech crops has been met with skepticism by different sectors of the public. People want to know whether these crops are safe, cheaper and more nutritious. However, informed decisions about their use have been left to individual countries. In Kenya, Genetically modified maize has been imported into the country to meet the current shortfall in the maize crop. This has been met with public outcry. The purpose of this study was to examine the moral acceptability of genetically modified foods using the Aristotelian understanding of Ethics. This is method looks at the elements involved in any free human act and analyses the object, intention and circumstances surrounding such an act. In the case of genetic modification this is to ascertain whether such an action enhance the nature of man and his common good. The approach used was to make use of secondary data source in order to understand the ethicalness of modifying GM foods based on Aristotelian Ethics Results were analysed based on different scenarios labeled A-H. The moral object analysed in all the scenarios were the GM foods inserted with genes from plants,animals,bacteria or viruses so as to confer advantages to the modified crops such as drought, disease and pest resistance. The intentions were varied. For instance the intention of scientists would be to engineer food crops so as to acquire food security. This can be a morally good action since it enhances the human dignity. The circumstances surrounding such an action could be that some of these genes might be harmful to human beings and the environment because most times these genes are coming from non plants. The moral value of such an action is bad because it will affect human health negatively and hence go against the human nature. The implications of this study indicate that the human aspect in Gm foods must be taken into consideration because it is the human person who adds to any aspect the ethical or moral dimension. Also Universities like Strathmore University, which has a strong background in Ethics should team up with other research institutes engaged in the production of GM products and ensure that these products are not only economically and technologically sound but also morally sound.
- ItemCharacter & nation-building : aristotle's friendship & diversity in the polisJames , Dominic Burbidge
- ItemEthical and human rights implications of strategies to halt the spread of HIV/AIDsWathuta, Jane9TH Annual ethics conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, 25-26 OCTOBER 2012.
- ItemUnveiling the mind of Kenyan undergraduates : motives for abortionImathiu, Kananu; Kiao, Emice; Kimari, LucyAbortion has become a highly volatile moral issue in which neutrality proves almost impossible (Novak, 1993). Looking back in time, the concept proves itself not uncommon even to the most primitive societies where feticide for instance, was considered one of the ‘abominations of Egypt’ (Bleich, 1968). For the Kenyan context, this is reflected in what has been termed as ‘female crimes’ whereby abortion accounts for 84% of these crimes by young women aged 16 – 25 years (Njonjo, 2010). With such statistics, it is quite clear why this topic is heavily studied and researched on. It must be highlighted though, that people’s views on abortion reflect their beliefs on fundamentally important issues such as when life begins, when the rights of the fetus become equal to the rights of the mother and whether or not we have complete sovereignty over our own bodies (Gleeson, Forde, Bates, Powell, Jones & Draper, 2008).
- ItemAnalysing ethics at the univerisity level and its effective contribution to nation-buildingMusya, Mercy; Gathua, Peter; Ngeene, Duncan
- ItemDeveloping a strategy for students mental health well beingDoherty, Michael Dr.9th Annual Ethics Conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at Strathmore University, 25-26 October 2012.
- ItemThe obligation to provide healthcare : perspectives from religion, law and moralityMuiruri, Esther9TH Annual ethics conference. Theme : Bioethics medical, legal, environmental and cultural aspects in healthcare ethics at STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, 25-26 OCTOBER 2012.