Person: Da Silva, Izael
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- PublicationUnlocking climate finance potential and policy barriers—A case of renewable energy and energy efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa(Elsevier B.V, 2022-03) Izael Da Silva, S. Wagura Ndiritu, Edward M. Mungai; Da Silva, IzaelSub-Saharan African is in a unique position to reap the socio-economic and environmental benefits of renewable resources, and the energy efficiency practices as the demand for energy in the continent grows. Assessment of the financing potential and the related obstacles for the financing deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors mapping will be a step forward to help in mobilizing the financial flows into sectors. With the Sub-Saharan Africa population growth, urbanization, economic growth coupled with the global commitment of Sustainable Energy for All Initiative, the need for accessible clean energy has never been more urgent. This paper aims to assess the renewable energy (RE) and energy-efficient (E.E.) investment potential as well as policy barriers in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Analyzing five investment indicators, using secondary sources of information, and conducting interviews with key stakeholders. The RE and E.E. investment potential, investment gap, and policy barriers in 14 countries from West, Central, Southern, and East Africa was quantified conducted. The result of the study indicates a promising yet very susceptible future for the implementation of RE and E.E. in SSA. To enhance access to electricity, promote energy security, and propel economic growth in an environmentally friendly approach, SSA has to overcome the significant challenge of inadequate private and public funding for the energy sector. The conclusion is that there is a need to address the institutional knowledge gaps and policy gaps that will be key to helping in unlocking the financing potential of RE and E.E. in the continent of Africa
- PublicationOn Site Calibration of Inductive Voltage Transformers(WSEAS, 2009) Da Silva, I. P.; Demetri, I.; De Silos, A. C.; Brandao, F. A (Jr); Da Silva, IzaelThe accuracy class of an IVT – Inductive Voltage Transformer – is typically assessed in laboratory installations either by comparing with another IVT presenting greater accuracy and traceable to a national laboratory or by using a capacitive divider. Calibration in the field is considered herein, using results obtained from typical open and short circuit tests and winding resistances, performed with common meters. A Möllinger & Gewecke graphic diagram is employed together with the results of an accuracy test previously carried out to determine the exact value of the winding turn relation and of the primary winding dispersion reactance. These values are used to calculate the phase and ratio errors, which must lie between definite limits, defined by the accuracy class of the instrument. Four commercial IVTs were tested to determine the validity of the procedure. The errors are compared with those obtained with the Schering-Alberti method (AC Bridge and comparison with standard IVT)
- PublicationInductive Voltage Transformers Calibration by the Parameters(WSEAS, 2010) Brandao, F.A; Da Silva, I. P.; Demetri, I.; De Silos, A. C.; Diaz, E. M; Da Silva, IzaelThe accuracy class of an IVT - Inductive Voltage Transformer - is typically assessed in laboratory installations either by comparing with another IVT presenting greater accuracy and traceable to a national laboratory or by using a capacitive divider. Calibration in the field using internal parameters is considered herein, using results obtained from typical open and short circuit tests and winding resistances, performed with common meters. A Möllinger & Gewecke graphic diagram is employed together with the results of an accuracy test previously carried out to determine the exact value of the winding turn relation and of the primary winding dispersion reactance. These values are used to calculate the phase and ratio errors, which must lie between definite limits, defined by the accuracy class of the instrument. Four commercial IVTs were tested to determine the validity of the procedure. The errors are compared with those obtained with the Schering-Alberti method (AC Bridge and comparison with standard IVT).
- PublicationAnalysis of induction generator controller techniques for Pico hydropower - a case study of a 3kW Pico hydropower scheme in Kasese, Western Uganda(2014) Izael Da Silva; Teddy Nalubega; Okou Richard; Mary Suzan Abbo; Da Silva, IzaelThis paper presents a comparative analysis of control techniques used on induction generators for stand-alone Pico hydropower schemes. The techniques were tested on a prototype Pico hydropower system modeled for the site developed in western Uganda by the Centre for Research in Energy and Energy Conservation. The case study scheme to date is manually operated, a process that requires constant attention due to variations in load. This demonstrated the need for an automatic load controller. The site specifications were considered when designing models using Matlab simulink employing the automatic load control techniques. These model designs are simple so that it is affordable for local practical application. The proposed designed control techniques presented in this paper are composed of logic gates, IGBT switch, uncontrolled diode rectifier, the PID controller and other semiconductor devices supplying an electrical load and a ballast load. In addition, the response of the case study site and the Matlab model to load variations is presented.
- PublicationElectricity production from energy plantations : results from a feasibility and impact scoping study in Northern Uganda for a 50 MWe grid model(European Biomass Conference, 2007) DaSilva, Izael; Buchholz, Thomas; Tennigkeit, Timm; Timothy A., Volk; Da Silva, IzaelUganda currently faces an electricity crisis due to high fossil fuel prices and falling levels of lake Victoria affecting hydro power capacities. In this paper, we introduce a feasibility study for a 50 MW biomass fired power plant covering plantation design, conversion technology, environmental and social impacts, anticipated problems, overall economics, project status, and benefits of the project. The 30,000 ha project area consists mainly of Eucalyptus and native Markhamia lutea stands. Results indicate that this project can provide electricity to a competitive price which is considerably lower than generated by fossil fuel powered generators.
- PublicationAnalysis of induction generator controller techniques for Pico hydropower a case study of A 3kW Pico hydropower scheme in Kasese, Western Uganda(IEEE, 2014) Nalubega, Teddy; Da Silva, Izael Pereira; Okou, Richard; Abbo, Mary S.; Da Silva, IzaelThis paper presents a comparative analysis of control techniques used on induction generators for stand-alone Pico hydropower schemes. The techniques were tested on a prototype Pico hydropower system modeled for the site developed in western Uganda by the Centre for Research in Energy and Energy Conservation. The case study scheme to date is manually operated, a process that requires constant attention due to variations in load. This demonstrated the need for an automatic load controller. The site specifications were considered when designing models using Matlab simulink employing the automatic load control techniques. These model designs are simple so that it is affordable for local practical application. The proposed designed control techniques presented in this paper are composed of logic gates, IGBT switch, uncontrolled diode rectifier, the PID controller and other semiconductor devices supplying an electrical load and a ballast load. In addition, the response of the case study site and the Matlab model to load variations is presented.
- PublicationInnovative Energy Access for Remote Areas “The LUAV-Light up a Village” Project(Springer Link, 2015-03-04) Da Silva, I. P.; Da Silva, IzaelThe Light-up a village (LUAV) program is a rural development initiative designed to improve access to modern energy solutions in remote areas of developing countries. The initiative addresses the challenge of Pico PV market penetration by empowering rural communities to actively participate in lighting up their own villages using micro-solar systems. The LUAV business model was designed by an energy company, Barefoot Power (BFP), which began the LUAV field in 2012 in Uganda. The program incorporates local SACCOs and Community Based Organizations (CBO) as well as local governmental bodies in the identification and recruitment of participants. A LUAV program is designed to involve at least 100 households per community by providing each home with its own power generation solar system to run lighting and mobile device charging services. The participating households are given the option to either pay for the micro solar power system upfront or to pay for it in 3–12 monthly installments. For this pilot program, BFP sourced for funding from private investors to operate a revolving fund which is managed the SACCOs and CBOs who have the mandate to manage debt recovery and keep the revolving fund active. Through this business model, 18 LUAV projects were implemented in Uganda during the 18 month trial period providing lighting and mobile charging services to 3,000 plus households. The program’s success has a growing interest and plans are underway to replicate it in South Sudan, Rwanda and Kenya in 2014. According to the latest count more than 7,000 households have adopted the micro-system through LUAV.
- PublicationEconomics of a Gasification Based Mini Grid - a case study of a 10 kW Unit in Uganda(2007-01) Da Silva, I. P.; Buchholz, T.; Volk, T; Tennigkeit, T; Da Silva, IzaelSmall-scale wood gasification systems have the potential to contribute to the rural electrification in Uganda. This paper presents an economic analysis of a 10 kW gasifier unit and its minigrid installed on a Ugandan farm. The bioenergy system has been running stable on a six hour daily base for seven months. When the gasifier is operated close to the rated capacity, the gasifier system is economically attractive compared to diesel generated electricity Results indicate that replicating successful wood gasification systems stipulates integration of sustainable fuelwood supply and viable business models.
- PublicationReducing Carbon Emissions in a Third Level Educational Institution in Sub-Sahara Africa(Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015) Da Silva, I. P.; Ronoh, G.; Ouma, C.; Jerono, C.; Da Silva, IzaelThe effort to reduce carbon emissions as the arguably most prevalent cause of global warming has been a positive trend in most African countries. One of the most successful strategies towards reaching that goal is the shift from fossil fuel power generation to renewable sources of energy such as wind, hydro, geothermal and solar. As Kenya sits on the equator it enjoys an all year round insolation between 5 and 6 kW/m2/day which is more than double of the average insulation in Germany, a country where solar energy is widely used. Taking advantage of a green line of financial support created by the French Government, Strathmore University embarked in a project to install a 600 kW roof-top, grid connected solar PV system to cater for its electricity needs. Having as a background of the newly instituted Feed-in-Tariff regulation, the system is designed to produce more than the required self-consumption such that the extra power can be sold to the utility via a PPA (power purchase agreement) and the revenue used to pay for the electricity used by the university at night. This paper describes the whole process from the technical, regulatory, educational and financial aspect highlighting the positive and negative events along the path such that it can be useful for other private sector institutions interested in greening their sources of energy, invest in renewable energy and thus reduce their operation costs. The authors have written this work having in mind not only countries in Africa but all other countries which sit in the so called “solar belt”.
- PublicationBook review : Renewable Energy for Residential Heating and Cooling Policy Handbook(ICE Publishing, 2012-08) Da Silva, I. P.; Da Silva, IzaelThe scope of this book, as far as REHC projects are concerned, covers programme phases: portfolio planning, programme design, implementation and evaluation. It also covers market maturity stages from initial deployment to full market. It considers instruments such as: economic incentives, regulations, information and market activities. As the title mentions, the content is applicable to the residential sector only: new and existing buildings, including single and multi-family dwellings. As far as technology is concerned, it covers active solar thermal systems for air and water heating; biomass (pellets, wood and wood waste); geothermal (ground source and heat-pump) and finally heat-pump technologies based on ambient air heat (air-to-air and air-to-liquid)