Strathmore Institute of Mathematical Sciences (SIMs)
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The Strathmore Institute of Mathematical Sciences(SIMs) succeeds the Centre of Applied Research in Mathematical Sciences (CARMS). It is committed to delivering high quality graduate education and research through providing a stimulating research environment and continuous support for our researchers and students. SIMS promotes and develops research and consulting in the mathematical sciences, including statistics, mathematical biology, mathematical finance and mathematics education
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Browsing Strathmore Institute of Mathematical Sciences (SIMs) by Subject "Actuarial science"
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- ItemAn Aggregate analysis of the impact factor of the index based livestock insurance pastoralists in Kenya(Strathmore University, 2018) Matano, Del WordsThe purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of Index Based Livestock Insurance in Kenya on income generation and welfare enhancement of pastoral households. Index-Based insurance attracts attention as a potentially effective tool for reducing vulnerability of agricultural household’s in developing countries. However, previous literature has assumed away how household intertemporal behavior and welfare would change by reduced production risk and shock due to index-based insurance. The paper employed the endogenous treatment regression model in order to quantify the effects of Index Based Livestock Insurance on an aggregate level. The study finds that insurance provision induces pastoralists to shift production towards higher return but higher risk breeds of livestock. The results support the view that financial innovation can mitigate the real effects of uninsured production risk.
- ItemEffects of electronic money on velocity of money in Kenya(Strathmore University, 2018) Myall, Adrian HenryThe purpose of this study is to determine the effect that electronic money has on the velocity of money in Kenya as well as its determinants. The study uses income, exchange rates, expected inflation, interest rates and financial innovation as the determinants of velocity in the model. Monthly time series data from the period 2009-2016 is used and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is implemented with six measures of velocity of money as the dependent variable. The measures include velocity of; narrow money (Ml), narrow money less electronic money (Ml-EM), broad money (M3), broad money less electronic money (M3-EM), electronic money (EM) and quasi-money (M2). Exchange rate and the number of bank branches were significant in determining all the velocity measures in the long run, with a positive and negative relationship respectively. The presence of electronic money was found to reduce the positive relationship of velocity with exchange rate while the relationship of velocity with the number of bank branches became more positive. This means that increased use of electronic money may help to curb the effects of exchange rate fluctuations while at the same time it increases the velocity of money as more people get access to financial services. The study concludes that the issuance of electronic money should be controlled and closely monitored so as to avoid adverse effects to the monetary system and economy.
- ItemPricing a post-retirement medical insurance product(Strathmore University, 2018) Ndubai, Jackline MwendwaPrivately purchased medical insurance is very expensive for retirees. In Kenya, some companies even put an age cap restricting on insurance. A post-retirement medical insurance product helps in planning for medical expenses after retirement and ensures that such expensive costs are avoided. This paper reports on the pricing procedure undertaken for the new upcoming product as well as the sensitivity of the profit margin to the various variables used in the model. Profit testing of the product was run on one of the insurance companies in Kenya. The pure premium method is used to obtain a premium based on claims experience, instead of guessing a reasonable premium' to be used in the profit testing model. Data was obtained from an insurance company and constituted of their medical claims experience as well as their loss ratios over 2013-16. Premiums were calculated and a mispricing established in a case where profit testing was not incorporated. The study also revealed that the fund charge, inflation and the investment rate were significant in the pricing process and had a significant impact on the profit margin. Every insurance company's goal is to make profit. Hence, even if the company strives to make post-retirement health-care affordable, the company should ensure that the pricing model constructed results in a reasonably profitable premium. The incorporation of profit testing reduces the likelihood of a mis-pricing scenario. Furthermore, it is important that the inflation rate, investment rate and fund charge actual values are as close to the expected values as is possible.
- ItemQuantification of foreign exchange exposure in insurance companies in Kenya(Strathmore University, 2018) Kantai, Sanau MilanoiThe study sought to quantify foreign exchange exposure in insurance companies in Kenya. This was achieved through evaluating twenty Kenyan insurers using two main objectives. The first was to establish the statistical significance of foreign exchange exposure for Kenyan insurance companies. A by-product of this, was that the optimal lag at which the different insurers experience the highest exposures could be defined. The second objective was to determine whether general insurers experience more significant foreign exchange exposure than life insurers. To accomplish this, the study employed a cash flow-based technique; the Almon Polynomial Distributed Lag model, which modelled the change in individual companies' operating income caused by changes in the foreign exchange rate. Using the above model, the study found that sixty percent of the insurers sampled had significant foreign exchange exposure. This reinforced the conclusion that the insurance industry in Kenya has a statically significant foreign exchange exposure. However, the study failed to prove that general insurers experienced exposure to a greater level of severity than life insurers.